大气CO2浓度升高和增温对土壤有机碳库积累、分子组成和结构稳定性的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0376

植物生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (7): 1053-1069.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0376 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2024.0376

大气CO₂浓度升高和增温对土壤有机碳库积累、分子组成和结构稳定性的影响

范亚冉¹, 夏少攀¹^,^*(), 于冰冰¹, 朱紫琪¹, 杨威², 范豫川³, 刘晓雨¹, 张旭辉¹, 郑聚锋¹

¹南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 农业资源与生态环境研究所, 南京 210095
²内蒙古农业大学草业学院, 呼和浩特 010018
³佛罗里达大学土壤、水和生态系统科学系, 盖恩斯维尔, 美国佛罗里达州 32603

收稿日期:2024-10-21 接受日期:2025-02-26 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-02-26
通讯作者: ^*夏少攀, E-mail: shaopanxia@njau.edu.cn
基金资助:
江苏省自然科学基金(BK20221028);国家自然科学基金(42303078)

Effects of elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration and warming on stability of soil organic carbon pool accumulation, molecular composition and structure stability

FAN Ya-Ran¹, XIA Shao-Pan¹^,^*(), YU Bing-Bing¹, ZHU Zi-Qi¹, YANG Wei², FAN Yu-Chuan³, LIU Xiao-Yu¹, ZHANG Xu-Hui¹, ZHENG Ju-Feng¹

¹Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
²College of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
³Department of Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Florida-IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA

Received:2024-10-21 Accepted:2025-02-26 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-02-26
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20221028);National Natural Science Foundation of China(42303078)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在固碳减排和“双碳”目标的背景下, 以大气CO₂浓度升高和增温协同作用为特征的气候变化对土壤有机碳(SOC)动态变化的影响成为当前的研究热点, 气候变化对SOC库的影响机制也一直是学术界研究的难点问题。以往关于气候变化对陆地生态系统碳循环过程的研究主要是基于CO₂浓度升高或增温的单一因素, 主要集中于植物生长、凋落物基质质量、土壤理化性质、有机碳物理/化学组分和微生物群落结构等方面。结合国内外研究进展, 该文在论述CO₂浓度升高和增温对SOC库累积的影响及机制基础上, 从SOC组分、分子组成、结构特征、表层与底层响应差异与有机碳稳定性的耦合效应方面, 概括CO₂浓度升高和增温对SOC积累和转化的内在影响机制。在此基础上, 提出未来研究中应着重关注: (1)明晰SOC端元输入-分子组成-结构特征耦合关系; (2)揭示长期气候变化对多生态系统SOC稳定性和埋藏潜力的影响机制。理清土壤碳源/汇功能, 必须全面深入了解气候变化下陆地生态系统SOC来源、转化、埋藏和分解的生物地球化学循环过程, 旨在为未来土壤碳中和管理决策提供科学理论依据。

关键词: 气候变化, 土壤有机碳, 分子组成与结构, 稳定性, 深层土壤, 陆地生态系统, 生物地球化学循坏

Abstract:

In the context of carbon sequestration, emission reduction, and the “Dual Carbon” goals, the impact of climate change characterized by the combined effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration and global warming on the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) has emerged as a critical research focus. Understanding the mechanisms through of climate change influences SOC pools remains a significant challenge in academic research. Previous studies on the effect of climate change on terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling have predominantly examined single factors, such as increased CO₂ concentration or warming, with a focus on plant growth, litter substrate quality, soil physicochemical properties, physical/chemical fractions of organic carbon, and microbial community structure. Building on recent advancements in both domestic and international research, this review synthesizes the effects and underlying mechanisms of elevated CO₂ concentration and warming on SOC accumulation. By integrating the coupling effects of SOC fractions, molecular composition, structural characteristics, and the differential responses of topsoil and subsoil, we elucidate the intrinsic mechanism governing SOC carbon accumulation and transformation under these climatic conditions. Furthermore, we highlight key areas for future research, including (1) clarifying the coupling relationships among SOC end-member inputs, molecular composition, and structural characteristics, and (2) uncovering the mechanisms by which long-term climate change influences the stability and burial potential of SOC across diverse ecosystems. To fully understand the carbon source/sink functions of soil, it is essential to comprehensively investigate the biogeochemical processes governing SOC sources, transformation, burial, and decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems under climate change. This review aims to provide a robust scientific foundation for future soil carbon management strategies and decision-making in support of carbon neutrality goals.

Key words: climate change, soil organic carbon, molecular composition and structure, stability, subsoil, terrestrial ecosystems, biogeochemical cycle

范亚冉, 夏少攀, 于冰冰, 朱紫琪, 杨威, 范豫川, 刘晓雨, 张旭辉, 郑聚锋. 大气CO₂浓度升高和增温对土壤有机碳库积累、分子组成和结构稳定性的影响. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(7): 1053-1069. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0376

FAN Ya-Ran, XIA Shao-Pan, YU Bing-Bing, ZHU Zi-Qi, YANG Wei, FAN Yu-Chuan, LIU Xiao-Yu, ZHANG Xu-Hui, ZHENG Ju-Feng. Effects of elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration and warming on stability of soil organic carbon pool accumulation, molecular composition and structure stability. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(7): 1053-1069. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0376

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I7/1053

图/表 5

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地点 Location	经纬度 Longitude and latitude	生态系统 Ecosystem	CO₂浓度升高 Elevated CO₂concentration		增温 Warming		CO₂浓度升高+增温 Elevated CO₂concentration and warming		参考文献 Reference
地点 Location	经纬度 Longitude and latitude	生态系统 Ecosystem	表层 Surface soil	底层 Subsoil	表层 Surface soil	底层 Subsoil	表层 Surface soil	底层 Subsoil	参考文献 Reference
伊利诺伊州, 美国 Illinois, USA	40.04° N 88.23° W	玉米 Zea mays	减少 Decrease	-	减少 Decrease	-	减少 Decrease	-	Black et al., 2017
纳尔逊农场, 美国 Nelson farm, USA	34.56° E 89.96° W	玉米/大豆 Zea mays/ Glycine max	增加 Increase	-	减少 Decrease	-	-	-	Lin & Zhang, 2012
巴特那东部地区 Patna eastern region	25.58° N 85.08° E	小麦 Triticum aestivum	减少 Decrease	-	减少 Decrease	-	减少 Decrease	-	Samal et al., 2020
芬兰东部 Eastern Finland	62.50° N 30.50° E	泥炭地 Peatland	增加 Increase	-	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	Ge et al., 2012
俄克拉何马州, 美国 Oklahoma, USA	34.98° N 97.52° W	草原 Grassland	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	-	-	Cheng et al., 2011
青藏高原, 中国 Qingzang Plateau, China	30.85° N 91.08° E	草原 Grassland	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	-	-	Guan et al., 2018
加利福尼亚州, 美国 California, USA	38.91° N 120.66° W	森林 Forest	-	-	减少 Decrease	减少 Decrease	-	-	Ofiti et al., 2021
怀俄明州, 美国 Wyoming, USA	41.18° N 104.90° W	草地 Grassland	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	减少 Decrease	-	Carrillo et al., 2018
哥本哈根, 丹麦 Copenhagen, Denmark	55.88° N 11.97° E	草地 Grassland	增加 Increase	-	减少 Decrease	-	增加 Increase	-	Vestergård et al., 2016
常熟, 中国 Changshu, China	31.50° N 120.55° E	稻田 Paddy soil	增加 Increase	-	增加 Increase	-	增加 Increase	-	Liu et al., 2021
明尼苏达州, 美国 Minnesota, USA	47.50° N 93.45° W	森林 Forest	-	-	不变 Unchanged	不变 Unchanged	不变 Unchanged	不变 Unchanged	Ofiti et al., 2022
加利福尼亚州, 美国 California, USA	38.91° N 120.66° W	森林 Forest	-	-	增加 Increase	减少 Decrease	-	-	Soong et al., 2021
青藏高原, 中国 Qingzang Plateau, China	34.85° N 92.93° E	高山草甸 Alpine meadow	-	-	不变 Unchanged	减少 Decrease	-	-	Ding et al., 2019
青藏高原, 中国 Qingzang Plateau, China	37.62° N 101.30° E	高山草甸 Alpine meadow	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	-	-	Chen et al., 2022
常熟, 中国 Changshu, China	31.50° N 120.55° E	稻田 Paddy soil	增加 Increase	增加/不变 Increase/ unchanged	增加 Increase	减少 Decrease	增加 Increase	减少 Decrease	Fan et al., 2024

地点 Location	经纬度 Longitude and latitude	生态系统 Ecosystem	CO₂浓度升高 Elevated CO₂concentration		增温 Warming		CO₂浓度升高+增温 Elevated CO₂concentration and warming		参考文献 Reference
地点 Location	经纬度 Longitude and latitude	生态系统 Ecosystem	表层 Surface soil	底层 Subsoil	表层 Surface soil	底层 Subsoil	表层 Surface soil	底层 Subsoil	参考文献 Reference
伊利诺伊州, 美国 Illinois, USA	40.04° N 88.23° W	玉米 Zea mays	减少 Decrease	-	减少 Decrease	-	减少 Decrease	-	Black et al., 2017
纳尔逊农场, 美国 Nelson farm, USA	34.56° E 89.96° W	玉米/大豆 Zea mays/ Glycine max	增加 Increase	-	减少 Decrease	-	-	-	Lin & Zhang, 2012
巴特那东部地区 Patna eastern region	25.58° N 85.08° E	小麦 Triticum aestivum	减少 Decrease	-	减少 Decrease	-	减少 Decrease	-	Samal et al., 2020
芬兰东部 Eastern Finland	62.50° N 30.50° E	泥炭地 Peatland	增加 Increase	-	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	Ge et al., 2012
俄克拉何马州, 美国 Oklahoma, USA	34.98° N 97.52° W	草原 Grassland	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	-	-	Cheng et al., 2011
青藏高原, 中国 Qingzang Plateau, China	30.85° N 91.08° E	草原 Grassland	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	-	-	Guan et al., 2018
加利福尼亚州, 美国 California, USA	38.91° N 120.66° W	森林 Forest	-	-	减少 Decrease	减少 Decrease	-	-	Ofiti et al., 2021
怀俄明州, 美国 Wyoming, USA	41.18° N 104.90° W	草地 Grassland	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	减少 Decrease	-	Carrillo et al., 2018
哥本哈根, 丹麦 Copenhagen, Denmark	55.88° N 11.97° E	草地 Grassland	增加 Increase	-	减少 Decrease	-	增加 Increase	-	Vestergård et al., 2016
常熟, 中国 Changshu, China	31.50° N 120.55° E	稻田 Paddy soil	增加 Increase	-	增加 Increase	-	增加 Increase	-	Liu et al., 2021
明尼苏达州, 美国 Minnesota, USA	47.50° N 93.45° W	森林 Forest	-	-	不变 Unchanged	不变 Unchanged	不变 Unchanged	不变 Unchanged	Ofiti et al., 2022
加利福尼亚州, 美国 California, USA	38.91° N 120.66° W	森林 Forest	-	-	增加 Increase	减少 Decrease	-	-	Soong et al., 2021
青藏高原, 中国 Qingzang Plateau, China	34.85° N 92.93° E	高山草甸 Alpine meadow	-	-	不变 Unchanged	减少 Decrease	-	-	Ding et al., 2019
青藏高原, 中国 Qingzang Plateau, China	37.62° N 101.30° E	高山草甸 Alpine meadow	-	-	不变 Unchanged	-	-	-	Chen et al., 2022
常熟, 中国 Changshu, China	31.50° N 120.55° E	稻田 Paddy soil	增加 Increase	增加/不变 Increase/ unchanged	增加 Increase	减少 Decrease	增加 Increase	减少 Decrease	Fan et al., 2024

大气CO₂浓度升高和增温对土壤有机碳库积累、分子组成和结构稳定性的影响

Effects of elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration and warming on stability of soil organic carbon pool accumulation, molecular composition and structure stability

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