绿狐尾藻光合色素组成及氮磷化学计量学特征对外源铵的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0291

植物生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 451-460.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0291

所属专题：生态化学计量；光合作用

绿狐尾藻光合色素组成及氮磷化学计量学特征对外源铵的响应

冼应男¹^,², 张瑛¹^,³, 李宝珍¹^,^*(), 罗沛¹, 肖润林¹, 吴金水¹

¹中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 农业生态系统过程重点实验室, 长沙农业环境观测研究站, 长沙 410125
²华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 武汉 430070
³湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 长沙 410128

收稿日期:2021-08-11 接受日期:2021-10-18 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-01-30
通讯作者: 李宝珍
作者简介:*(bzli@isa.ac.cn)
ORCID: 冼应男: 0000-0003-2163-8196
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42077103);湖南省水利科技项目(XSKJ2019081-52);湖南省国际科技创新合作基地项目(2018WK4012)

Responses of photosynthetic pigments composition, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics of Myriophyllum aquaticum to exogenous ammonium

XIAN Ying-Nan¹^,², ZHANG Ying¹^,³, LI Bao-Zhen¹^,^*(), LUO Pei¹, XIAO Run-Lin¹, WU Jin-Shui¹

¹Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
²College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
³College of Resources & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

Received:2021-08-11 Accepted:2021-10-18 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-01-30
Contact: LI Bao-Zhen
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42077103);Project of Water Science and Technology in Hunan Province(XSKJ2019081-52);Hunan Provincial International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base Project(2018WK4012)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum)对高浓度铵(NH⁺₄)具有较高的耐受性, 是处理养殖废水的优选植物。探究外源铵对绿狐尾藻光合色素组成及氮(N)、磷(P)化学计量学特征的影响, 对提高绿狐尾藻人工湿地系统的处理效率具有重要意义。该研究设置0、0.1、1、5、15、30 mmol·L^-1 6个NH₄⁺浓度, 室内培养21天, 测定分析不同铵浓度下绿狐尾藻叶绿素含量、N含量、P含量和N:P的变化特征。结果表明, 随外源铵浓度增加, 绿狐尾藻的相对茎高和相对生物量先升高后降低, 且通过拟合曲线方程发现, 外源铵在16.22和12.58 mmol·L^-1时, 其相对茎高和相对生物量达到最大值。随外源铵浓度的增加, 绿狐尾藻叶片叶绿素含量显著降低, 而茎中叶绿素含量增加, 且叶绿素a含量变化的幅度比叶绿素b大, 但对叶绿素a/b影响不显著, 仅在5 mmol·L^-1处理时茎叶绿素a/b显著下降。随外源铵浓度增加, 与CK相比, 叶片和茎的N含量分别显著增加了85%-235%和127%-373%, 叶片P含量增幅为49%-51%。当外源铵浓度不大于15 mmol·L^-1时, 叶片和茎的N含量、N:P增加速度较快, 且相对茎高和相对生物量增长较快。相关分析表明, 叶片N、P含量和N:P与总叶绿素含量呈极显著负相关关系, 而在茎中呈显著或极显著正相关关系。综上所述, 外源铵浓度在12-16 mmol·L^-1范围内时, 绿狐尾藻生长良好, 生物量更大, N和P的吸收量更高, 从而利用其构建的人工湿地可以有效去除污染废水的N、P, 达到高效净化水体的目的。

关键词: 绿狐尾藻, 光合色素, 氮磷化学计量学, 铵

Abstract:

Aims Myriophyllum aquaticum has high tolerance to high concentration of ammonium (NH₄⁺) and thus becomes the preferred species for swine wastewater treatment. It is of great significance to explore the effects of exogenous NH₄⁺ on the photosynthetic pigment composition and the stoichiometric characteristics of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of the M. aquaticum for improving the purifying efficiency of artificial wetlands system of M. aquaticum.

Methods Six NH₄⁺ concentration levels (0, 0.1, 1, 5, 15, 30 mmol·L^-1) were set up in this study. After 21 days of indoor cultivation, the contents of chlorophyll, N and P of M. aquaticum were measured to analyze their characteristics of changes.

Important findings The results showed that the relative stem height and biomass increased initially and then decreased, which were well fitted by a curve equation. Moreover, the peak of them appeared at 16.22 and 12.58 mmol·L^-1 exogenous NH₄⁺, respectively, via fitting non-linear Gaussian equation. With the increase of exogenous NH₄⁺ concentrations, the chlorophyll content in the leaves decreased significantly, but increased in the stems. In addition, there was a wide variation of chlorophyll a than chlorophyll b. The chlorophyll a/b did not change significantly among different NH₄⁺ treatments, except the value in the stems of 5 mmol·L^-1 NH₄⁺ treatment, which was significantly decreased. With the increase of exogenous NH₄⁺ concentrations, the N contents in the leaves and stems were significantly increased by 85%-235% and 127%-373%, respectively, and the P content in the leaves was increased by 49%-51% in comparison to the control (CK). When the concentrations of exogenous NH₄⁺ was no more than 15 mmol·L^-1, the N content and N:P ratio of the leaves and stems increased rapidly, so were relative stem height and relative biomass. Correlation analysis showed that the contents of N and P, and N:P ratio were negatively correlated with total chlorophyll content in the leaves, but positively correlated with total chlorophyll content in the stems. In conclusion, M. aquaticum grew well with larger biomass and higher absorption of N and P, when the concentrations of exogenous NH₄⁺ were in the range of 12-16 mmol·L^-1. Therefore, the constructed wetlands system planted with M. aquaticum can effectively remove N and P from polluted wastewater and achieve the purpose of efficient water purification.

Key words: Myriophyllum aquaticum, photosynthetic pigment, stoichiometry of nitrogen and phosphorus, ammonium

冼应男, 张瑛, 李宝珍, 罗沛, 肖润林, 吴金水. 绿狐尾藻光合色素组成及氮磷化学计量学特征对外源铵的响应. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(4): 451-460. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0291

XIAN Ying-Nan, ZHANG Ying, LI Bao-Zhen, LUO Pei, XIAO Run-Lin, WU Jin-Shui. Responses of photosynthetic pigments composition, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics of Myriophyllum aquaticum to exogenous ammonium. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(4): 451-460. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0291

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0291

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I4/451

图/表 7

图1 外源铵(NH4+)浓度对绿狐尾藻相对茎高和相对生物量的影响(平均值±标准误, n = 24)。不同小写字母表示不同处理之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effects of exogenous ammonium (NH4+) concentration on relative stem height and relative biomass of Myriophyllum aquaticum (mean ± SE, n = 24). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments (p < 0.05).

图2 绿狐尾藻相对茎高(RSH)和相对生物量(RB)与外源铵(NH4+)浓度的关系(n = 24)。

Fig. 2 Correlation between relative stem height (RSH) and relative biomass (RB) of Myriophyllum aquaticum and exogenous ammonium (NH4+) concentration (n = 24).

图3 外源铵(NH4+)浓度对绿狐尾藻叶绿素(Chl)含量及光合色素组分比率的影响(平均值±标准误, n = 24)。不同小写字母表示不同处理之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of exogenous ammonium (NH4+) concentration on chlorophyll (Chl) content and photosynthetic pigment component ratio of Myriophyllum aquaticum (mean ± SE, n = 24). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments (p < 0.05).

图4 绿狐尾藻叶绿素(Chl)含量与外源铵(NH4+)浓度的关系 (n = 24)。

Fig. 4 Correlation between chlorophyll (Chl) content of Myriophyllum aquaticum and exogenous ammonium (NH4+) concentration (n = 24).

图5 外源铵(NH4+)浓度对绿狐尾藻氮(N)、磷(P)含量及其比率的影响(平均值±标准误, n =24)。

Fig. 5 Effects of exogenous ammonium (NH4+) concentration on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents, and N:P ratio of Myriophyllum aquaticum (mean ± SE, n = 24).

图6 绿狐尾藻叶(A)、茎(B)中氮(N)、磷(P)含量及其比率与外源铵(NH4+)浓度的关系(n = 24)。

Fig. 6 Correlation between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents and N:P ratio and exogenous ammonium (NH4+) concentration in leaf (A) and stem (B) of Myriophyllum aquaticum (n = 24).

表1 绿狐尾藻氮(N)、磷含量(P)及其化学计量比与叶绿素含量的关系 (n = 24)

Table 1 Slopes of relationship between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents and N:P ratio, and chlorophyll content of Myriophyllum aquaticum (n = 24)

叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	N	P	N:P
叶片 Leaf	-0.733 2^**	-0.584 6^**	-0.699 2^**
茎 Stem	0.724 0^**	0.485 4^*	0.664 5^**

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绿狐尾藻光合色素组成及氮磷化学计量学特征对外源铵的响应

Responses of photosynthetic pigments composition, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics of Myriophyllum aquaticum to exogenous ammonium

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