Geographical distribution pattern and dominant climatic factors of the Paphiopedilum Subgen. Brachypetalum in China

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0241

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The purpose of this study is to clarify the distribution pattern and the dominant climatic factors of Paphiopedilum Subgen. Brachypetalum in China. Methods Seven species of Subgen. Brachypetalum were investigated as the research objects. The climatic data of 194 geographical distribution points were extracted by ArcGIS. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the climatic characteristics of the distribution area of the Subgen. Brachypetalum in China, and stepwise regression to fit the linear relationship between climatic factors and their latitude and longitude. Finally, redundancy analysis (RDA) and Monte Carlo-test were used to quantify the contribution of each climatic factor to the geographical distribution of the Subgen. Brachypetalum. Important findings 1) The Subgen. Brachypetalum plants are mainly distributed in southeastern Yunnan, southwestern Guizhou, south Guizhou, northeastern Guizhou, northwestern Yunnan, the junction of northern Guangxi and southern Guizhou, and from northwestern Guangxi to southwestern Guangxi. 2) The monthly mean diurnal temperature range, range of annual temperature, mean temperature of the warmest quarter, mean temperature of the coldest quarter in these distribution areas are 8.13, 23.70, 23.62 and 9.23 °C, respectively. The precipitation variation coefficient, precipitation of the wettest quarter, precipitation of the driest quarter and aridity index are 75.66%, 673.10 mm, 73.97 mm and 26.12%, respectively. As a whole, it has the characteristics of hot and humid climate. There were significant differences in climatic factors between species with narrow distribution and other widely distributed species. 3) Stepwise regression analysis showed that each fitting equation reached extremely significant level. Monthly mean diurnal temperature range, mean temperature of the warmest quarter, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, precipitation variation coefficient, precipitation of the driest quarter, aridity index are the main factors affecting the distribution of Subgen. Brachypetalum along longitude in China. Mean temperature of the coldest quarter, precipitation of the wettest quarter, range of annual temperature, precipitation of the driest quarter, precipitation variation coefficient are the main factors affecting the distribution of Subgen. Brachypetalum along latitude in China. 4) According to the results of RDA analysis, the interpretation rate of climatic factors in the first axis was 73.32%, the interpretation rate in the second axis was 21.29%, and the cumulative interpretation rate was 94.61%. The order of the interpretation rate of climatic factors was: monthly mean diurnal temperature range (57.8%) > mean temperature of the warmest quarter (41.5%) > range of annual temperature (38.3%) > precipitation of the driest quarter (23.1%) > mean temperature of the coldest quarter (16.9%) > precipitation variation coefficient (13.7%) = precipitation of the wettest quarter (13.7%) > aridity index (3.0%). Therefore, monthly mean diurnal temperature range, mean temperature of the wettest quarter and range of annual temperature are the dominant climatic factors affecting the distribution of Subgen. Brachypetalum in China.

Key words: Paphiopedilum Subgen. Brachypetalum, climatic factor, distribution pattern, redundancy analysis, China

Yang ZHANG, Ming-Tai AN, Jian-Yong WU, Feng LIU, Wei WANG. Geographical distribution pattern and dominant climatic factors of the Paphiopedilum Subgen. Brachypetalum in China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(1): 40-50.

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Figures/Tables 8

References 42

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气候因子 Climatic factor	气候因子 Climatic factor
bio1 年平均气温 Annual mean temperature	bio12 年降水量 Annual precipitation
bio2 昼夜温差月均值 Monthly mean diurnal temperature range	bio13 最湿月降水量 Precipitation of the wettest month
bio3 等温性 Isothermality	bio14 最干月降水量 Precipitation of the driest month
bio4 温度季节性变化标准差 Standard deviation of temperature seasonal change	bio15 降水量变异系数 Precipitation variation coefficient
bio5 最暖月最高气温 Maximum temperature of the warmest month	bio16 最湿季度降水量 Precipitation of the wettest quarter
bio6 最冷月最低气温 Minimum temperature of the coldest month	bio17 最干季度降水量 Precipitation of the driest quarter
bio7 年平均气温变化范围 Range of annual temperature	bio18 最暖季度降水量 Precipitation of the warmest quarter
bio8 最湿季度平均气温 Mean temperature of the wettest quarter	bio19 最冷季度降水量 Precipitation of the coldest quarter
bio9 最干季度平均气温 Mean temperature of the driest quarter	AET 实际蒸散量 Actual evapotranspiration
bio10 最暖季度平均气温 Mean temperature of the warmest quarter	PET 潜在蒸散量 Potential evapotranspiration
bio11 最冷季度平均气温 Mean temperature of the coldest quarter

气候因子 Climatic factor	气候因子 Climatic factor
bio1 年平均气温 Annual mean temperature	bio12 年降水量 Annual precipitation
bio2 昼夜温差月均值 Monthly mean diurnal temperature range	bio13 最湿月降水量 Precipitation of the wettest month
bio3 等温性 Isothermality	bio14 最干月降水量 Precipitation of the driest month
bio4 温度季节性变化标准差 Standard deviation of temperature seasonal change	bio15 降水量变异系数 Precipitation variation coefficient
bio5 最暖月最高气温 Maximum temperature of the warmest month	bio16 最湿季度降水量 Precipitation of the wettest quarter
bio6 最冷月最低气温 Minimum temperature of the coldest month	bio17 最干季度降水量 Precipitation of the driest quarter
bio7 年平均气温变化范围 Range of annual temperature	bio18 最暖季度降水量 Precipitation of the warmest quarter
bio8 最湿季度平均气温 Mean temperature of the wettest quarter	bio19 最冷季度降水量 Precipitation of the coldest quarter
bio9 最干季度平均气温 Mean temperature of the driest quarter	AET 实际蒸散量 Actual evapotranspiration
bio10 最暖季度平均气温 Mean temperature of the warmest quarter	PET 潜在蒸散量 Potential evapotranspiration
bio11 最冷季度平均气温 Mean temperature of the coldest quarter

气候因子 Climatic factor	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	95%置信区间 95% confidence interval		最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum
气候因子 Climatic factor	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	下限 Lowerbound	上限 Upperbound	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum
bio2	8.13	0.92	11.35	8.00	8.26	6.89	12.81
bio7	23.70	2.23	9.43	23.38	24.01	19.13	28.81
bio10	23.62	2.33	9.88	23.29	23.95	12.67	28.25
bio11	9.23	2.46	26.69	8.88	9.58	1.27	15.78
bio15	75.66	8.38	11.07	74.48	76.85	58.24	95.15
bio16	673.10	95.06	14.12	659.64	686.57	464.63	1 008.09
bio17	73.97	19.94	26.95	71.15	76.80	37.35	166.35
AI	26.12	2.39	9.16	25.78	26.46	18.40	36.29

气候因子 Climatic factor	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	95%置信区间 95% confidence interval		最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum
气候因子 Climatic factor	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	下限 Lowerbound	上限 Upperbound	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum
bio2	8.13	0.92	11.35	8.00	8.26	6.89	12.81
bio7	23.70	2.23	9.43	23.38	24.01	19.13	28.81
bio10	23.62	2.33	9.88	23.29	23.95	12.67	28.25
bio11	9.23	2.46	26.69	8.88	9.58	1.27	15.78
bio15	75.66	8.38	11.07	74.48	76.85	58.24	95.15
bio16	673.10	95.06	14.12	659.64	686.57	464.63	1 008.09
bio17	73.97	19.94	26.95	71.15	76.80	37.35	166.35
AI	26.12	2.39	9.16	25.78	26.46	18.40	36.29

物种 Species	分布区 Distribution	海拔范围 Altitude range (m)	分布点个数 Number of distribution points
硬叶兜兰 Paphiopedilum micranthum	黔西南至黔南、黔中、黔东北、桂北、滇东南 Southwestern Guizhou to southern Guizhou, central Guizhou, northeastern Guizhou, northern Guangxi and southeastern Yunnan	333-1 648	77
同色兜兰 P. concolor	广西西南地区一带 Southwestern Guangxi	155-1 286	23
麻栗坡兜兰 P. malipoense	滇东南、黔南、黔西南、桂北 Southeastern Yunnan, southern Guizhou, Southwestern Guizhou and northern Guangxi	361-1 267	20
巨瓣兜兰 P. bellatulum	北盘江流域、黔西南 Beipanjiang River Basin, southwestern Guizhou	560-1 442	39
白花兜兰 P. emersonii	贵州黔南与广西北部地区 Southern Guizhou and northern Guangxi	259-811	14
文山兜兰 P. wenshanense	滇东南 Southeastern Yunnan	780-1 641	8
杏黄兜兰 P. armeniacum	云南怒江流域 Nujiang River Basin in Yunnan	1 696-2 024	13