INTERACIVE EFFECTS OF DOUBLED ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATIONS AND SOIL DROUGHT ON WHOLE PLANT CARBON ALLOCATION IN TWO DOMINANT DESERT SHRUBS

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2005.0036

Abstract

Abstract:

Atmospheric CO 2 concentrations are expected to double around the middle part of the 21 st century. Plant growth might be favored by CO 2 enrichment, but water limitation is a common stress for plant growth and productivity. At present, only a few studies have looked at the combined effects of CO 2 enrichment and drought on plant ecophysiology. This experiment was conducted to investigate the responses of two dominant desert shrubs, Caragana intermedia and Hedysarum mongolicum, in western China to the interaction of doubled CO 2 levels and soil drought in large environmental growth chambers (19 m 2). In this paper, we employed different methods, including allometry and carbon isotope discrimination, to examine the effects of water availability on carbon allocation and stable carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) of the two desert shrubs under two CO 2 concentrations. The objectives included the following: 1) to investigate the effects of soil drought and CO 2 enrichment on plant biomass and δ 13 C; 2) to investigate the effects of soil drought and CO 2 enrichment on the allocation of dry matter and carbohydrates; and 3) to elucidate the adaptive strategies of C. intermedia and H. mongolicum to soil drought under doubled atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. Compared to ambient CO 2 concentrations, doubled CO 2 concentrations did not improve the leaf water status, but soil drought significantly reduced the leaf relative water content (RWC). Doubled CO 2 concentrations enhanced plant growth under well-watered conditions but increased root growth under drought conditions resulting in an increase in root to shoot ratios. Soil drought significantly reduced plant biomass and increased root to shoot ratios, especially for H. mongolicum. The δ 13 C values were reduced at doubled CO 2 concentrations but increased under drought conditions. By plotting the leaf δ 13 C values against the root δ 13 C values, it was possible to assess carbon allocation and incorporation into roots in relation to present biomass. There was a significant and linear relationship between leaf δ 13 C and root δ 13 C values, and the slope of H. mongolicum was greater than that of C. intermedia indicated a higher plasticity in the ability to change carbon allocation patterns. This resulted in higher root to shoot ratios in H. mongolicum under drought conditions. The results indicated that both C. intermedia and H. mongolicum had a higher tolerance to severe water deficits under doubled CO 2 conditions. Decreases in precipitation might accompany with future increases in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations in the region dominated by these two species, suggesting that distribution ranges of C. intermedia and H. mongolicum might be constrained. Our results suggest that H. mongolicum has a higher tolerance to environmental stress than C. intermedia. Future work should emphasize how to enhance the drought tolerance of plants in semiarid region under conditions of CO 2 enrichment.

Key words: Doubled atmospheric CO2, Soil drought, Caragana intermedia, Hedysarum mongolicum, Biomass, Carbon content, Carbon allocation, Global climate change

XU Zhen-Zhu, ZHOU Guang-Sheng, XIAO Chun-Wang, WANG Yu-Hui. INTERACIVE EFFECTS OF DOUBLED ATMOSPHERIC CO₂ CONCENTRATIONS AND SOIL DROUGHT ON WHOLE PLANT CARBON ALLOCATION IN TWO DOMINANT DESERT SHRUBS[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2005, 29(2): 281-288.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2005.0036

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2005/V29/I2/281

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Effects of soil drought on leaf relative water content (RWC) of Caragana intermedia (A) and Hedysarum mongolicum (B) under doubled CO2 and ambient conditions An double asterisk indicates the significant difference using LSD test compared with soil drought within the same CO2concentration at 0.01 level

Fig.2 Effects of soil drought on biomass of Caragana intermedia (A, B) and Hedysarum mongolicum (C, D) under doubled CO2 (A, C) and (B, D) ambient conditions WW, SS, RM, SM, LM, TM and AM represent well_watered, soil drought, root biomass, stem biomass, total biomass and above_ground biomass, respectively Vertical bars indicate±SE of the mean

Fig.3 Effects of soil drought on ratio between root and shoot of Caragana intermedia (A) and Hedysarum mongolicum (B) under doubled CO2 and ambient conditions See Fig.1

Table 1 Three_way ANOVA in biomass and ratio of root and shoot using in Caragana intermedia and Hedysarum mongolicum

变异来源 Source	df	地上生物量 Aboveground biomass		根生物量 Root biomass		总生物量 Total biomass		根冠比 Ratio of root and shoot
变异来源 Source	df	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p
S	1, 83	195.742	0.000	269.125	0.000	278.748	0.000	49.834	0.000
CO₂	1, 83	12.014	0.001	35.215	0.000	23.023	0.000	1.264	0.264
W	1, 83	44.497	0.000	43.096	0.000	56.490	0.000	21.203	0.000
S×CO₂	1, 83	8.745	0.004	24.050	0.000	16.306	0.000	0.025	0.875
S×W	1, 83	28.485	0.000	19.344	0.000	32.624	0.000	7.556	0.007
CO₂×W	1, 83	8.665	0.004	6.644	0.012	10.284	0.002	2.271	0.136
S×CO₂×W	1, 83	5.372	0.023	1.953	0.166	5.301	0.024	0.371	0.544

Fig.4 Effects of soil drought on the δ 13C values leaves and roots of Caragana intermedia (A) and Hedysarum mongolicum (B) under doubled CO2 and ambient conditions

Fig.5 Relationship between δ 13C values of leaf and root in Caragana intermadia and Hedysarum mongolicom

References 49

[1]	Araus JL, Casadesús J, Asbati A, Nachit MM (2001). Basis of the relationship between ash content in the flag leaf and carbon iso-tope discrimination in kernels of durum wheat. Photosynthetica, 39,591-596. DOI URL
[2]	Arndt SK, Wanek W (2002). Use of decreasing foliar carbon iso-tope discrimination during water limitation as a carbon tracer to study whole plant carbon allocation. Plant, Celland Environ-ment, 25,609-616.
[3]	Bonal DT, Barigah S, Granier A, Guehl JM (2000). Late-stage canopy tree species with extremely low δ ¹³ C and high stomatal sensitivity to seasonal soil drought in the tropical rainforest of French Guiana . Plant, Cell and Environment, 23,445-459. DOI URL
[4]	Carol SG, Winner WE (1988). Increased in δ ¹³ C values of radish and soybean plants caused by ozone . New Phytologist, 108,489-494. DOI URL
[5]	DaMatta FM, Chaves ARM, Pinheiro HA, Ducatti C, Loureiro ME (2003). Drought tolerance of two field-grown clones of Coffea canephora. Plant Science, 164,111-117. DOI URL
[6]	Delgado E, Mitchell RAC, Parry MAJ, Driscoll SP, Mitchell VJ, Lawlor DW (1994). Interacting effects ofCO ₂ concentration, temperature and nitrogen supply on photosynthesis and composi-tion of winter leaves . Plant, Celland Environ ment, 17,1205-1213.
[7]	Drennan PM, Nobel P (2000). Responses of CAM species to in-creasing atmospheric CO ₂ concentrations . Plant, Celland Environment, 23,761-781.
[8]	Farquhar GD, O'leary MH, Berry JA (1982). On the relationship between carbon isotope discrimination and the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration in leaves. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 9,121-137.
[9]	Farquhar GD, Ehleringer JR, Hubik KT (1989). Carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Physi-ology and Plant Molecular Biology, 40,503-537.
[10]	Feng HY, An LZ, Chen T, Qiang WY, Xu SJ, Zhang MX, Wang XL, Cheng GD (2003). The effect of enhanced ultraviolet-B radi-ation on growth, photosynthesis and stable carbon isotope composi-tion (δ¹³C) of two soybean cultivars ( Glycine max) under field conditions . Environmental and Experimental Botany, 49,1-8. DOI URL
[11]	Garten CT, Cooperf JLW, Post WM, Hanson PJ (2000). Climate controls on forest soil C isotope ratios in the southern Applachan mountains. Ecology, 81,1108-1119. DOI URL
[12]	Grill RA, Burke IC (1999). Ecosystem consequences of plant life form changes at three sites in the semiarid United States. Oecolo-gia, 121,551-563.
[13]	Groissen A, Kuikman PJ, van de Beek H (1995). Carbon alloca-tion and water-use in juvenile Douglas fir under elevated CO ₂ . New Phytologist, 129,275-282. DOI URL
[14]	Gutiérrez MV, Meinzer FC (1994). Carbon discrimination and pho-tosynthetic gas exchange in coffee hedgerows during canopy devel-opment. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 21,207-219.
[15]	Hamerlynck EP, Huxman TE, Loik ME, Smith SD (2000). Effects of extreme high temperature, drought and elevated CO₂ on photo-synthesis of Mojave Desert evergreen shrub, Larrea dridentata. Plant Ecology, 148,183-193.
[16]	Hansen J, Vogg G, Beck E (1996). Assimilation, allocation and utilization of carbon by 3-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees during winter and early spring. Trees, 11,83-90.
[17]	He WM (何维明), Zhang XS (张新时) (2001). Water sharing in the roots of four shrubs of the Mu Us sandy desert. Acta Phy-toecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 25,630-633. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	Hui D, Luo Y, Cheng W, Coleman JS, Johnson D, Sims DA (2001). Canopy radiation-and water-use efficiencies as affected by elevated [CO ₂]. Global Change Biology, 7,75-91. DOI URL
[19]	Hunt HW, Elliot ET, Detling JK, Morgan JA, Chen DX (1996). Responses of a C ₃ and C ₄ perennial grass to elevated CO ₂ and cli-mate change . Global Change Biology, 2,35-47. DOI URL
[20]	Leonardos ED, Grodzins kiB (2000). Photosynthesis, immediateexport and carbon partitioning in source leaves of C ₃, C ₃-C ₄ inter-mediate and elevated CO ₂ levels . Plant, Cell and Environment, 23,839-851. DOI URL
[21]	Li YG (李永庚), Jiang GM (蒋高明), Yang JC (杨景成) (2003). Effects of temperature on carbon and nitrogen metabolism, yield and quality of wheat. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 27,164-169. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
[22]	Livingston NJ, Guy RD, Sun ZJ, Ethier GJ (1999). The effects of nitrogen stress on the stable carbon isotope composition and water use efficiency of irrigated and dry land white spruce (Picea glau-ca (Moench) Voss) seedlings. Plant, Cell and Environment, 22,281-289. DOI URL
[23]	Luxmore RJ (1991). Asource-sink framework for coupling, car-bon, nutrient dynamics of vegetation. Tree Physiology, 9,267-280. DOI URL
[24]	Martre P, North GB, Bobich EG, Nobel PS (2002). Root develop-ment and shoot growth for two desert species in response to soil rockiness. American Journal of Botany, 89,1933~1939.
[25]	Medina E, Francisco M (1997). Osmolality and δ ¹³C of leaf tissues of mangrove species from environments of contrasting rainfall and salinity . Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 45,337-344. DOI URL
[26]	Meinzer FC, Saliendra NZ, Crisosto CH (1992). Carbon isotope discrimination and gas exchange in Coffea arabica during adjust-ment to different soil moisture regimes. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 19,171-184.
[27]	Morgan JA, LeCain DR, Read JJ, Hunt HW, Knight WG (1998). Photosynthetic pathway and ontogeny affect water relations and the impact of CO ₂ on Bouteloua gracilis (C₄) and Pascopyrum smithii (C₃). Oecologia, 114,483-493. DOI PMID
[28]	Ntanos DA, Koutroubas SD (2002). Dry matter and N accumula-tion and translocation for Indica and Japonica rice Mediterranean conditions. Field Crops Research, 74,93-101. DOI URL
[29]	O'Leary MH (1988). Carbon isotope in photosynthesis. Bio-Science, 38,325-336.
[30]	Polley HW, Johson HB, Marino BD, Mayeux HS (1993). In crease in C ₃ plant water-use efficiency and glacial to present CO ₂ con-centration . Nature, 361,61-64. DOI URL
[31]	Qu CM, Han XG, Su B, Huang JH, Jiang GM (2001). The char-acteristics of foliar δ ¹³C values of plant water use efficiency indi-cated by δ ¹³C values in two fragmented rainforests in Xishuang-banna, Yunnan. Acta Botanica Sinica (植物学报), 43,186-192.
[32]	Saurer M, Fuhrer J, Siegenthaler U (1991). Influence of ozone on the state carbon isotope composition, δ ¹³C of leaves and grain of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) . Plant Physiology, 97,313-316. DOI URL
[33]	Stewart GR, Turnbull MH, Schmidt S, Erskine PD (1995). δ¹³C natural abundance in plant communities along a rainfall gradient:a biological integrator of water availability . Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 22,51-55.
[34]	Svejcar TJ, Boutton TW, Trent JD (1990). Assessment of carbon allocation with stable carbon isotope labeling. Agronomy Journal, 82,18-21. DOI URL
[35]	Vozenesenskaya EV, Franceschi VR, Kiirars O, Freitag H, Edwards GE (2001). Kranz anatomy is not essential for terrestrial C ₄ plant photosynthesis . Nature, 414,543-546. DOI URL
[36]	Wallace JS (2000). Increasing agricultural water use efficiency to meet future food production. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 82,105-119. DOI URL
[37]	Wang MB (王孟本), Li HJ (李洪建), Chai BF (柴宝峰) (1996). Water ecophysiological characteristics of Caragana kor-shinskii. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 20,494~501. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[38]	Wullschleger SD, Tschaplinski TJ, Norby RJ (2002). Plant water relations at elevated CO ₂———implications for water-limited envi-ronments . Plant, Cell and Environment, 25,319-331. DOI URL
[39]	Xiao CW, Jia FP, Zhou GS, Jiang Yl (2001). Response of photo-synthesis, morphology and growth of Hedysarum mongolicum seedlings to simulated precipitation change in Maowusu sandland. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 14,277-283.
[40]	Xiao CW (肖春旺), Zhou GS (周广胜), Ma FY (马风云) (2002). Effect of water supply changes on morphology and growth of dominant plant in Maowusu sandland. Acta Phytoeco-logica Sinica (植物生态学报), 26,69-76. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[41]	Xiao CW (肖春旺), Zhang XS (张新时), Zhao JZ (赵景柱), Wu G (吴刚) (2001). Response of seedlings of three dominant shrubs to climate warming in Ordos planteau. Acta Botanica Sinica (植物学报), 43,736-741. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[42]	Xu ZZ (许振柱), Zhou GS (周广胜) (2003). The study progress on the responses of terrestrial plant to global change. Progress in Natural Science (自然科学进展), 13,113~120. (in Chinese)
[43]	Xu ZZ (许振柱), Zhou GS (周广胜), Li H (李晖) (2004). Responses o gas exchange characteristics in leaves of Laymus chi-nensis to changes in temperature and soil moisture. Acta Phytoe-cologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 28,300-304. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
[44]	Yang JC, Zhang JH, Wang ZQ, Zhu QG, Wang W (2002). Hor-monal changes in the grains of rice subjected to water stress dur-ing grain filling. Plant Physiology, 127,315-323. DOI URL
[45]	Zhang CY (张称意), Yang C (杨持), Dong M (董鸣) (2001). The clonal integration of photosynthates in the rhizomatous half-shrub Hedysarum laeve. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 21,1986-1993. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[46]	Zhao WZ (赵文智), Cheng GD (程国栋) (2001). Review on ecological hydrological processes in arid area. Chinese Science Bulletin (科学通报), 46,1851-1857. (in Chinese)
[47]	Zheng YR (郑元润), Zhang XS (张新时) (1998). The diagnosis and optimal design of high efficient ecological economy system in Maowusu sandy land. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 22,262-268. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[48]	Zhou GS (周广胜), Zhang XS (张新时) (1996). Study on climate-vegetation classification for global change in China. Acta Botanica Sinica (植物学报), 38,8-17. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[49]	ZhouG S (周广胜), Wang YH (王玉辉), Gao SH (高素华), Guo JP (郭建平) (2002). The adaptive mechanism to doubled CO₂ and water stress. Earth Science Frontiers (地学前缘), 9 (1),93-94. (in Chinese with English abstract)

INTERACIVE EFFECTS OF DOUBLED ATMOSPHERIC CO₂ CONCENTRATIONS AND SOIL DROUGHT ON WHOLE PLANT CARBON ALLOCATION IN TWO DOMINANT DESERT SHRUBS

FullText

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 6

References 49

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	WANG Ge, HU Shu-Ya, LI Yang, CHEN Xiao-Peng, LI Hong-Yu, DONG Kuan-Hu, HE Nian-Peng, WANG Chang-Hui. Temperature sensitivity of soil net nitrogen mineralization rates across different grassland types [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(4): 523-533.
[2]	LIANG Yi-Xian, WANG Chuan-Kuan, ZANG Miao-Han, SHANGGUAN Hong-Yu, LIU Yi-Xiao, QUAN Xian-Kui. Responses of radial growth and biomass allocation of Larix gmelinii to climate warming [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(4): 459-468.
[3]	HUANG Ling, WANG Zhen, MA Ze, YANG Fa-Lin, LI Lan, SEREKPAYEV Nurlan, NOGAYEV Adilbek, HOU Fu-Jiang. Effects of long-term grazing and nitrogen addition on the growth of Stipa bungeana population in typical steppe of Loess Plateau [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(3): 317-330.
[4]	RU Ya-Qian, XUE Jian-Guo, GE Ping, LI Yu-Lin, LI Dong-Xu, HAN Peng, YANG Tian-Run, CHU Wei, CHEN Zhang, ZHANG Xiao-Lin, LI Ang, HUANG Jian-Hui. Ecological and economic effects of intensive rotational grazing in a typical steppe [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(2): 171-179.
[5]	GENG Xue-Qi, TANG Ya-Kun, WANG Li-Na, DENG Xu, ZHANG Ze-Ling, ZHOU Ying. Nitrogen addition increases biomass but reduces nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(2): 147-157.
[6]	LI Na, TANG Shi-Ming, GUO Jian-Ying, TIAN Ru, WANG Shan, HU Bing, LUO Yong-Hong, XU Zhu-Wen. Meta-analysis of effects of grazing on plant community properties in Nei Mongol grassland [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(9): 1256-1269.
[7]	ZHAO Yan-Chao, CHEN Li-Tong. Soil nutrients modulate response of aboveground biomass to warming in alpine grassland on the Qingzang Plateau [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(8): 1071-1081.
[8]	WU Chen, CHEN Xin-Yi, LIU Yuan-Hao, HUANG Jin-Xue, XIONG De-Cheng. Effects of warming on fine root growth, mortality and turnover: a review [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(8): 1043-1054.
[9]	SU Wei, CHEN Ping, WU Ting, LIU Yue, SONG Yu-Ting, LIU Xu-Jun, LIU Ju-Xiu. Effects of nitrogen addition and extended dry season on non-structural carbohydrates, nutrients and biomass of Dalbergia odorifera seedlings [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(8): 1094-1104.
[10]	LI Guan-Jun, CHEN Long, YU Wen-Jing, SU Qin-Gui, WU Cheng-Zhen, SU Jun, LI Jian. Effects of solid culture endophytic fungi on osmotic adjustment and antioxidant system of Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings under soil salt stress [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(6): 804-821.
[11]	LUO Na-Na, SHENG Mao-Yin, WANG Lin-Jiao, SHI Qing-Long, HE Yu. Effects of long-term vegetation restoration on soil active organic carbon fractions content and enzyme activities in karst rocky desertification ecosystem of southwest China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(6): 867-881.
[12]	DU Ying-Dong, YUAN Xiang-Yang, FENG Zhao-Zhong. Effects of different nitrogen forms on photosynthesis characteristics and growth of poplar [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(3): 348-360.
[13]	HE Lu-Lu, ZHANG Xuan, ZHANG Yu-Wen, WANG Xiao-Xia, LIU Ya-Dong, LIU Yan, FAN Zi-Ying, HE Yuan-Yang, XI Ben-Ye, DUAN Jie. Crown characteristics and its relationship with tree growth on different slope aspects for Larix olgensis var. changbaiensis plantation in eastern Liaoning mountainous area, China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(11): 1523-1539.
[14]	CHEN Xin-Yi, WU Chen, HUANG Jin-Xue, XIONG De-Cheng. Effects of warming on fine root phenology of forests: a review [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(11): 1471-1482.
[15]	LIU Yan-Jie, LIU Yu-Long, WANG Chuan-Kuan, WANG Xing-Chang. Comparison of leaf cost-benefit relationship for five pinnate compound-leaf tree species in temperate forests of northeast China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(11): 1540-1550.