海南岛入侵植物的分布特点及其对本地植物的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0047

植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 486-500.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0047

所属专题：入侵生态学

海南岛入侵植物的分布特点及其对本地植物的影响

罗文启¹, 符少怀², 杨小波^1*(), 陈玉凯¹, 周威¹, 杨琦¹, 陶楚¹, 周文嵩¹

¹海南大学热带作物种质资源保护与开发利用教育部重点实验室, 海口 570228
²海南省农村环保能源站, 海口 570228

收稿日期:2014-08-05 接受日期:2015-04-22 出版日期:2015-05-01 发布日期:2015-05-26
作者简介:
*作者简介:E-mail:chengliu6542@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31060073和31460120)、海南省研究生创新科研课题项目(00817372-3/2013-03990)和海南大学研究生联合培养项目

Distribution patterns of alien invasive plants and their influences on native plants of Hainan Island

LUO Wen-Qi¹, FU Shao-Huai², YANG Xiao-Bo^1,^*(), CHEN Yu-Kai¹, ZHOU Wei¹, YANG Qi¹, TAO Chu¹, ZHOU Wen-Song¹

¹Key Laboratory of Production and Development Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resource, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
²Rural Environmental Protection Energy Station of Hainan, Haikou 570228, China

Received:2014-08-05 Accepted:2015-04-22 Online:2015-05-01 Published:2015-05-26
Contact: Xiao-Bo YANG
About author:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以国家农业部指定的20种恶性入侵植物为目的种, 在海南岛开展其分布特征与入侵强度的调查研究, 重点研究了陆域环境中6种广布入侵植物——飞机草(Chromolaena odorata)、假臭草(Praxelis clematidea)、含羞草(Mimosa pudica)、苏门白酒草(Conyza sumatrensis)、三裂叶蟛蜞菊(Wedelia trilobata)、马缨丹(Lantana camara)在7种生态系统(天然次生林、农田、村落、种植园、林缘、弃耕地、草地)中的入侵频率及入侵植物对本地植物的影响。结果表明: 1)海南岛有恶性入侵植物11种, 占调查目的种总数的55.0%。2)海南岛的东北、西南部分布的入侵植物种数较多, 东南部次之, 中部地区最少。3) 6种入侵植物的整体入侵强度为: 假臭草>飞机草>含羞草>三裂叶蟛蜞菊>马缨丹>苏门白酒草; 苏门白酒草、马缨丹在不同生态系统中的入侵频率无显著差异; 而假臭草在种植园及弃耕地, 含羞草在农田, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊在种植园生态系统中的入侵频率均显著高于其他生境。4)种植园、弃耕地和农田生态系统是植物入侵的主要生境类型, 而林缘和天然次生林生态系统均对植物入侵表现出抵御作用。5)植物入侵对当地植物多样性的影响存在正、负及无关联效应, 并主要影响群落中的草本植物功能群; 样地中入侵植物盖度总值与本地植物平均种数在种植园、农田和村落生态系统中无相关性, 在林缘和弃耕地生态系统中, 两者呈显著负相关关系; 而在草地生态系统中, 在一定盖度范围内, 入侵植物盖度总值与本地植物平均种数呈显著正相关关系。

关键词: 分布, 海南岛, 入侵植物, 影响, 本地植物

Abstract: Aims

Our objective was to explore the distribution patterns of 20 noxious invasive plants in Hainan Island notified by the National Ministry of Agriculture, and their influences on native plants. We also focused on investigating the traits of six most widely spread invasive plants and plant distributions in seven types of terrestrial ecosystems. Three hypotheses were deployed in this study: (1) the ecological effects of plant invasion were related to the characteristics of invaded ecosystems and successional phases of invaded communities; (2) the invasive plants rather affected certain functional groups than the whole communities; (3) and most invasive plant species tended to colonize frequently disturbed ecosystems, while they were usually excluded by intact forest ecosystems.

Methods

The plot survey was conducted to investigate the distributions of the 20 target invasive plants. The appearance frequency of the six most widely spread invasive plants (i.e., Chromolaena odorata, Praxelis clematidea, Mimosa pudica, Wedelia trilobata, Conyza sumatrensis, and Lantana camara) was compared among seven terrestrial ecosystems (i.e., secondary forest, farmland, grassland, abandoned land, plantation, village, and forest edge) to evaluate the invasibility of different ecosystems. The plots invaded by target species were classified, and species richness of native species in these invaded plots was compared using one-way ANOVAS. Relationships between the total coverage of invasive plants and the species richness of native plants were assessed using a linear regression model.

Important findings

(1) A total of 11 noxious invasive plants were found in Hainan Island, accounting for 55% of the target specie. (2) The target invasive species were mostly distributed in the northeastern and southwestern regions of Hainan Island, less in the southeastern region, and least in the central region. (3) An order of the intensity regarding plant invasiveness was expressed as Praxelis clematidea > Chromolaena odorata > Mimosa pudica > Wedelia trilobata > Lantana camara > Conyza sumatrensis. The appearance frequency of Conyza sumatrensis and Lantana camara showed no significant differences among the surveyed ecosystems, while Praxelis clematidea, Mimosa pudica and Wedelia trilobata had obviously higher appearance frequency in plantations and abandoned lands, in farmlands, and in plantations, respectively. (4) Farmlands, plantations and abandoned lands were the most frequently invaded ecosystems; but forest edges and natural secondary forests appeared to be less vulnerable to plant invasion. (5) The appearance frequency of invasive plants was negatively correlated with plant coverage of the community invaded by the target species. The total coverage of invasive plants and the richness of native plant species showed a positive correlation in grasslands when the coverage was within a certain extent, and a negative correlation both in forest edges and abandoned lands, and no obvious correlation in plantations farmlands and village sites.

Key words: distribution, Hainan Island, invasive plants, influence, native plants

罗文启, 符少怀, 杨小波, 陈玉凯, 周威, 杨琦, 陶楚, 周文嵩. 海南岛入侵植物的分布特点及其对本地植物的影响. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(5): 486-500. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0047

LUO Wen-Qi,FU Shao-Huai,YANG Xiao-Bo,CHEN Yu-Kai,ZHOU Wei,YANG Qi,TAO Chu,ZHOU Wen-Song. Distribution patterns of alien invasive plants and their influences on native plants of Hainan Island. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(5): 486-500. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0047

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I5/486

图/表 8

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生态系统 Ecosystem	入侵植物物种 Invasive plant species	总数 Total
农田 Farmland	喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 银胶菊 Parthenium hystero, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	10
弃耕地 Abandoned land	喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 银胶菊 Parthenium hystero, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	10
种植园 Plantation	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	7
林缘 Forest edge	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	6
村落 Village	喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 银胶菊 Parthenium hystero, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	10
草地 Grassland	喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	7
次生林 Secondary forest	无 None	0

生态系统 Ecosystem	入侵植物物种 Invasive plant species	总数 Total
农田 Farmland	喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 银胶菊 Parthenium hystero, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	10
弃耕地 Abandoned land	喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 银胶菊 Parthenium hystero, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	10
种植园 Plantation	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	7
林缘 Forest edge	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	6
村落 Village	喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 银胶菊 Parthenium hystero, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	10
草地 Grassland	喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	7
次生林 Secondary forest	无 None	0

入侵植物 Invasive plant species	植物入侵频率 Frequency of plants invasions
入侵植物 Invasive plant species	弃耕地 Abandoned land	种植园 Plantation	村落 Village	林缘 Forest edge	农田 Farmland	草地 Grassland
假臭草 Praxelis clematidea	0.709 ± 0.519^a	0.946 ± 0.472^a	0.485 ± 0.298^b	0.556 ± 0.529^bc	0.790 ± 0.451^bc	0.685 ± 0.218^b
含羞草 Mimosa pudica	0.502 ± 0.407^a	0.331 ± 0.357^a	0.274 ± 0.351^ab	0.204 ± 0.430^a	0.592 ± 0.455^c	0.474 ± 0.250^ab
飞机草 Chromolaena odorata	0.749 ± 0.493^a	0.701 ± 0.465^a	0.628 ± 0.326^a	0.556 ± 0.529^a	0.733 ± 0.459^a	0.771 ± 0.226^a
苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis	0.273 ± 0.431^a	0.339 ± 0.443^a	0.291 ± 0.394^a	0.186 ± 0.347^a	0.355 ± 0.527^a	0.191 ± 0.094^a
假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare	0.118 ± 0.211^a	-	0.112 ± 0.185^a	-	0.051 ± 0.125^a	-
马缨丹 Lantana camara	0.118 ± 0.211^a	0.025 ± 0.092^a	0.112 ± 0.185^a	0.099 ± 0.188^a	0.051 ± 0.125^a	0.092 ± 0.137^a
喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides	0.126 ± 0.211^a	0.022 ± 0.115^a	0.032 ± 0.105^a	-	0.091 ± 0.114^a	0.052 ± 0.137^a
三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	0.126 ± 0.391^a	0.226 ± 0.173^b	0.029 ± 0.140^a	0.050 ± 0.169^a	0.179 ± 0.397^a	0.129 ± 0.140^a
银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus	0.085 ± 0.121^a	0.015 ± 0.002^a	0.112 ± 0.105^a	-	0.051 ± 0.125^a	0.092 ± 0.037^a
凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes	-	-	0.025 ± 0.140^a	-	0.012 ± 0.021^a	-
微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	0.130 ± 0.125^a	0.085 ± 0.003^a	0.112 ± 0.115^a	-	0.075 ± 0.121^a	-
累计入侵频率 Accumulated frequency of plants invasions	2.936	2.675	2.212	1.601	2.930	2.486

入侵植物 Invasive plant species	植物入侵频率 Frequency of plants invasions
入侵植物 Invasive plant species	弃耕地 Abandoned land	种植园 Plantation	村落 Village	林缘 Forest edge	农田 Farmland	草地 Grassland
假臭草 Praxelis clematidea	0.709 ± 0.519^a	0.946 ± 0.472^a	0.485 ± 0.298^b	0.556 ± 0.529^bc	0.790 ± 0.451^bc	0.685 ± 0.218^b
含羞草 Mimosa pudica	0.502 ± 0.407^a	0.331 ± 0.357^a	0.274 ± 0.351^ab	0.204 ± 0.430^a	0.592 ± 0.455^c	0.474 ± 0.250^ab
飞机草 Chromolaena odorata	0.749 ± 0.493^a	0.701 ± 0.465^a	0.628 ± 0.326^a	0.556 ± 0.529^a	0.733 ± 0.459^a	0.771 ± 0.226^a
苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis	0.273 ± 0.431^a	0.339 ± 0.443^a	0.291 ± 0.394^a	0.186 ± 0.347^a	0.355 ± 0.527^a	0.191 ± 0.094^a
假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare	0.118 ± 0.211^a	-	0.112 ± 0.185^a	-	0.051 ± 0.125^a	-
马缨丹 Lantana camara	0.118 ± 0.211^a	0.025 ± 0.092^a	0.112 ± 0.185^a	0.099 ± 0.188^a	0.051 ± 0.125^a	0.092 ± 0.137^a
喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides	0.126 ± 0.211^a	0.022 ± 0.115^a	0.032 ± 0.105^a	-	0.091 ± 0.114^a	0.052 ± 0.137^a
三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	0.126 ± 0.391^a	0.226 ± 0.173^b	0.029 ± 0.140^a	0.050 ± 0.169^a	0.179 ± 0.397^a	0.129 ± 0.140^a
银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus	0.085 ± 0.121^a	0.015 ± 0.002^a	0.112 ± 0.105^a	-	0.051 ± 0.125^a	0.092 ± 0.037^a
凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes	-	-	0.025 ± 0.140^a	-	0.012 ± 0.021^a	-
微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	0.130 ± 0.125^a	0.085 ± 0.003^a	0.112 ± 0.115^a	-	0.075 ± 0.121^a	-
累计入侵频率 Accumulated frequency of plants invasions	2.936	2.675	2.212	1.601	2.930	2.486

入侵种 Invasive plants species	盖度等级 Coverage grade	占入侵样方比例 Ratio of the invaded plot	入侵植物盖度等级与入侵频率的相关性 Relationship between frequency of plant invasions and degree of community coverage
入侵种 Invasive plants species	盖度等级 Coverage grade	占入侵样方比例 Ratio of the invaded plot	草地 Grassland	林缘 Forest edge	弃耕地 Abandoned land	村落 Village	农田 Farmland	种植园 Plantation
飞机草 Chromolaena odorata	1%-20%	66%	-0.792^*	-0.912^**	-0.783^*	-0.725^*	-0.860^**	-0.596
	21%-40%	21%
	41%-60%	9%
	≥61%	5%
含羞草 Mimosa pudica	1%-20%	80%	-0.780^*	-0.661^*	-0.629	-0.710^*	0.682^*	-0.564
	21%-40%	7%
	41%-60%	13%
	≥61%	-
假臭草 Praxelis clematidea	1%-20%	66%	-0.788^*	-0.739^*	0.139^*	-0.621	-0.702^*	-0.893
	21%-40%	19%
	41%-60%	5%
	≥61%	10%
苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis	1%-20%	91%	-0.484	-0.688	-0.729	0.661	-0.600	0.688
	21%-40%	9%
	41%-60%	-
	≥61%	-
马缨丹 Lantana camara	1%-20%	60%	-0.600	-0.899	-0.612^**	-0.544^*	-0.563	-0.672
	21%-40%	24%
	41%-60%	11%
	≥61%	5%
三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	1%-20%	36%	-0.600^*	0.403	0.231	0.243	0.356	0.900^**
	21%-40%	7%
	41%-60%	7%
	≥61%	50%

海南岛入侵植物的分布特点及其对本地植物的影响

Distribution patterns of alien invasive plants and their influences on native plants of Hainan Island

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市/县 City/County	调查到的入侵种 Documented invasive species	总数 Total
海口市 Haikou City	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides	11
文昌市 Wenchang City	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes	10
琼海市 Qionghai City	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	10
万宁市 Wanning City	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides	9
陵水黎族自治县 Lingshui Lizu Autonomous County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides	9
保亭黎族苗族自治县 Baoting Lizu-Maozu Autonomous County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides	9
三亚市 Sanya City	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes	9
乐东黎族自治县 Ledong Lizu Autonomous County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	11
东方市 Dongfang City	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	9
昌江黎族自治县 Changjiang Lizu Autonomous County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes	10
白沙黎族自治县 Baisha Lizu Autonomous County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides	8
澄迈县 Chengmai County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	10
临高县 Linggao County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes	11
五指山市 Wuzhishan City	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	9
琼中黎族苗族自治县 Qiongzhong Lizu Miaozu Autonomous County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides	8
定安县 Ding’an County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	9
屯昌县 Tunchang County	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	9
儋州市 Danzhou City	飞机草 Chromolaena odorata, 含羞草 Mimosa pudica, 假臭草 Praxelis clematidea, 马缨丹 Lantana camara, 苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis, 银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus, 三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata, 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides, 假高粱 Pseudosorghum fasciculare, 凤眼蓝 Eichhornia crassipes, 微甘菊 Mikania micrantha	11

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