局部供氮对低磷胁迫下马尾松不同家系生长及根系参数的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0260

植物生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 622-631.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0260

局部供氮对低磷胁迫下马尾松不同家系生长及根系参数的影响

宋平¹, 张蕊^1,^*(), 周志春¹, 童建设², 王晖²

¹中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所, 国家林业局马尾松工程技术研究中心, 浙江省林木育种技术研究重点实验室, 杭州 311400
²浙江省淳安县富溪林场, 浙江淳安 311701

收稿日期:2017-01-03 接受日期:2016-08-09 出版日期:2017-06-10 发布日期:2017-07-19
通讯作者: 张蕊
作者简介:
* 通信作者Author for correspondence (E-mail:sunzhiqiang1956@sina.com)
基金资助:
基金项目 “十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD01B02)、国家自然科学基金(31370671)和浙江省农业(林木)新品种选育重大专项课题(2016C02056-4)

Effects of localized nitrogen supply treatments on growth and root parameters in Pinus massoniana families under phosphorus deficiency

Ping SONG¹, Rui ZHANG^1,^*(), Zhi-Chun ZHOU¹, Jian-She TONG², Hui WANG²

¹Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry
State Forestry Administration Engineering Research Center of Masson Pine
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Hangzhou 311400, China
and
²Fuxi Forest Farm, Chun’an, Zhejiang 311701, China;

Received:2017-01-03 Accepted:2016-08-09 Online:2017-06-10 Published:2017-07-19
Contact: Rui ZHANG
About author:
KANG Jing-yao(1991-), E-mail: kangjingyao_nj@163.com。

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤资源有效性在空间分布上的差异会对植物的生长发育产生重要影响。该文选择马尾松(Pinus massoniana)二代育种亲本育成的5个全同胞家系(1、25、49、52、57)为材料, 进行一个生长季的局部供氮苗木盆栽实验。实验在同质低磷和异质低磷两种低磷环境下分别设置4个供氮处理: 均匀供氮(HHH)、表层和中间层供氮(HHL)、底层供氮(LLH)和底层半侧供氮(LLH/L), 研究了模拟异质养分环境对马尾松不同家系苗木生长及根系发育的影响。结果表明: 1)与同质低磷相比, 异质低磷促进了马尾松的生长和根系发育, 其根长和根表面积分别为同质低磷下的1.95倍和2.11倍。2)局部供氮对马尾松生长的影响受土壤磷素环境影响较大, 与HHH相比, 局部供氮(HHL、LLH和LLH/L)对同质低磷下苗木的株高、地径和干物质积累量有明显的促进作用, 但在异质低磷下, 仅LLH和LLH/L处理有利于苗木地上部分的生长, HHL处理反而有抑制效应。3)在两种低磷环境下, LLH/L和LLH处理对马尾松苗木根系生长发育的促进作用显著, 尤其在异质低磷环境下的促进作用较强(LLH/L处理下根长和根表面积较HHH处理高出29.2%和32.3%), 但HHL对根长和根表面积有一定的抑制作用。4)马尾松不同家系间对不同供氮处理的响应差异显著。家系49、52和57主要通过增加根系在土壤中的分布来响应局部氮素分布的变化, 促进整株干物质量的积累; 家系25地上部分的生长随氮、磷含量的增大而增加, 但根系的增生发育对其整株生长的贡献较小; 家系1生长发育迟缓, 对局部供氮的响应较为迟钝。研究结果显示, 局部供氮较均匀供氮更有利于马尾松苗木生长, 且土壤深层施肥的促进作用更强。

关键词: 家系, 局部供氮, 低磷胁迫, 马尾松, 根系参数

Abstract:

Aims A heterogeneous spatially distribution of nutrients in natural soil may affect plant growth. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of localized nitrogen (N) supply treatments on growth traits and root parameters among different families in Pinus massoniana.Methods Five families of P. massoniana seedlings from full-sib progenies were used as test materials (1, 25, 49, 52, and 57). This study included two conditions, (i.e. homogeneous phosphorus (P) deficiency vs. heterogeneous P efficiency) among soil layers in combination with four N supply treatments in a one-year pot experiment. These N supply treatments were: (1) Homogeneously high N along the soil profile (HHH); (2) high N-high N-low N (HHL); (3) low N-low N-high N (LLH); (4) low N-low N-on side with N addition and the other side without N supply (LLH/L).Important findings This study indicated that localized N supply treatment did enhance the growth of P. massoniana, and this enhancement mainly happened in the pattern of N applied to deep soil. The results showed: 1) Compared to the homogeneous low P condition, there were increase in the growth traits and root parameters of P. massoniana under heterogeneous low P condition. Particularly, the root length and root surface area under the heterogeneous P deficiency condition were 1.95 times and 2.11 times higher than that subjected to the homogeneous P deficiency. 2) Localized N supply treatment affected seedling growth, and there was a significant interaction among N supply pattern and P condition. In compared with homogeneous N supply treatment, the height, basal diameter and dry weight of seedlings increased significantly by localized N supply treatments (LLH and/or LLH/L) under both two P deficiency conditions. But when the seedlings parameters were enhanced under homogeneous P deficiency, they were inhibited under heterogeneous P deficiency subjected to HHL. 3) Within the two P conditions, LLH and LLH/L stimulated root proliferation significantly, and root parameters were significantly enhanced under the heterogeneous P deficiency condition. Specifically, the root length and root surface area subjected to LLH/L rather than HHH were significantly enhanced by 29.2% and 32.3%, respectively. However, the length and surface area of the roots were suppressed by HHL treatment. 4). There were significant differences in response to different N supply treatments among P. massoniana families Seedlings in the families of 49, 52, and 57 responded to the localized N supply treatments with increased root proliferation, which enhanced seedling dry mass. On the other hand, the seedling growth in the family of 25 were stimulated by N and (or) P concentration, while the response of seedlings in the family of 1 to local nitrogen supply was relatively slow and exhibited growth retardation.

Key words: family, localized nitrogen supply, phosphorus deficiency, Pinus massoniana, root parameter

宋平, 张蕊, 周志春, 童建设, 王晖. 局部供氮对低磷胁迫下马尾松不同家系生长及根系参数的影响. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(6): 622-631. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0260

Ping SONG, Rui ZHANG, Zhi-Chun ZHOU, Jian-She TONG, Hui WANG. Effects of localized nitrogen supply treatments on growth and root parameters in Pinus massoniana families under phosphorus deficiency. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2017, 41(6): 622-631. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0260

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2016.0260

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2017/V41/I6/622

图/表 6

表1 盆栽土壤基质理化性质

Table 1 Soil physical and chemical properties of the substrate in the pot experiment

土壤类型 Soil type	全氮 Total N (g&#x000b7;kg^-1)	全磷 Total P (g&#x000b7;kg^-1)	水解氮 Hydrolysable N (mg&#x000b7;kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P (mg&#x000b7;kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K (mg&#x000b7;kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter (g&#x000b7;kg^-1)	pH值 pH value
酸性红壤 Acid red soil	0.41	0.34	46.35	0.99	37.78	6.68	5.06

图1 不同磷环境下的局部供氮处理。HHH, 均匀供氮; HHL, 表层和中间层供氮; LLH, 底层供氮; LLH/L, 底层半侧供氮。

Fig. 1 The patterns of N added under two P deficiency conditions. HHH, homogeneously high N along the soil profile; HHL, high N-high N-low N; LLH, low N-low N-high N; LLH/L, low N-low N-on side with N addition and the other side without N supply.

表2 局部供氮对马尾松生长、根系参数和氮磷含量的影响及方差分析(平均值±标准误差)

Table 2 Effects of localized N supply treatments on growth traits, root parameters and N and P concentration of Pinus massoniana (mean ± SE)

磷环境 P level	性状 Trait	氮处理 N supply treatment				变异来源 Source of variation (F值 F value)
磷环境 P level	性状 Trait	HHH	HHL	LLH	LLH/L	家系 Family	氮处理 N	家系&×氮处理 Family &× N
同质低磷 Homo low P	SH (cm)	14.42 &± 0.52^b	16.92 &± 0.54^a	14.90 &± 0.65^b	14.66 &± 0.65^b	47.73^***	6.34^***	2.13^*
	SBD (mm)	2.39 &± 0.10^b	2.99 &± 0.07^a	2.61 &± 0.09^b	2.61 &± 0.09^b	23.96^***	12.50^***	2.24^*
	SDW (g)	1.32 &± 0.12^b	1.87 &± 0.10^a	1.44 &± 0.13^b	1.63 &± 0.12^ab	19.21^***	6.11^**	2.74^*
	RDW (g)	0.26 &± 0.02^b	0.37 &± 0.03^a	0.27 &± 0.02^b	0.35 &± 0.02^a	12.02^***	7.49^***	1.54
	R/S	0.36 &± 0.03^a	0.17 &± 0.03^b	0.23 &± 0.03^ab	0.18 &± 0.03^b	12.23^***	2.75^*	2.55^*
	RL (cm)	192.36 &± 9.72^a	186.38 &± 11.93^a	210.54 &± 14.45^a	199.73 &± 11.92^a	12.28^***	2.92^*	1.20
	RSA (cm²)	47.37 &± 3.00^b	46.50 &± 2.56^b	61.96 &± 4.38^a	59.90 &± 3.65^a	13.14^***	7.02^***	1.47
	PC (mg&·g^-1)	0.75 &± 0.03^b	1.14 &± 0.04^a	0.87 &± 0.08^ab	0.95 &± 0.11^ab	1.02	0.96	1.02
	NC (mg&·g^-1)	17.02 &± 0.39^b	21.68 &± 2.64^a	18.89 &± 0.34^ab	16.18 &± 0.59^b	3.44^**	3.37^*	1.47
异质低磷 Hetero low P	SH (cm)	17.51 &± 0.74^a	13.62 &± 0.52^b	16.72 &± 0.67^a	16.13 &± 0.67^a	43.10^***	12.58^***	2.54^*
	SBD (mm)	3.18 &± 0.11^a	2.61 &± 0.11^c	3.11 &± 0.10^ab	2.82 &± 0.12^bc	17.46^***	8.22^***	2.06^*
	SDW (g)	2.25 &± 0.19^a	1.42 &± 0.13^b	2.01 &± 0.14^a	1.96 &± 0.16^a	15.53^***	6.34^***	2.32^*
	RDW (g)	0.47 &± 0.04^a	0.36 &± 0.03^a	0.42 &± 0.04^a	0.47 &± 0.06^a	13.33^***	1.97	1.04
	R/S	0.26 &± 0.03^a	0.34 &± 0.05^a	0.26 &± 0.02^a	0.31 &± 0.04^a	7.30^***	0.65	0.49
	RL (cm)	368.77 &± 27.72^ab	296.81 &± 21.57^b	399.17 &± 31.82^ab	476.60 &± 61.51^a	6.70^***	4.13^**	1.09
	RSA (cm²)	105.77 &± 7.81^b	94.15 &± 7.77^b	115.78 &± 9.16^ab	139.34 &± 18.01^a	8.22^***	3.23^*	1.04
	PC (mg&·g^-1)	0.90 &± 0.03^a	1.18 &± 0.04^a	1.02 &± 0.03^a	1.11 &± 0.08^a	1.05	1.06	1.04
	NC (mg&·g^-1)	17.33 &± 0.39^b	18.46 &± 0.34^a	15.23 &± 0.41^c	15.17 &± 0.39^c	15.77^***	23.80^***	1.36

表2 局部供氮对马尾松生长、根系参数和氮磷含量的影响及方差分析(平均值±标准误差)

Table 2 Effects of localized N supply treatments on growth traits, root parameters and N and P concentration of Pinus massoniana (mean ± SE)

磷环境 P level	性状 Trait	氮处理 N supply treatment				变异来源 Source of variation (F值 F value)
磷环境 P level	性状 Trait	HHH	HHL	LLH	LLH/L	家系 Family	氮处理 N	家系&×氮处理 Family &× N
同质低磷 Homo low P	SH (cm)	14.42 &± 0.52^b	16.92 &± 0.54^a	14.90 &± 0.65^b	14.66 &± 0.65^b	47.73^***	6.34^***	2.13^*
	SBD (mm)	2.39 &± 0.10^b	2.99 &± 0.07^a	2.61 &± 0.09^b	2.61 &± 0.09^b	23.96^***	12.50^***	2.24^*
	SDW (g)	1.32 &± 0.12^b	1.87 &± 0.10^a	1.44 &± 0.13^b	1.63 &± 0.12^ab	19.21^***	6.11^**	2.74^*
	RDW (g)	0.26 &± 0.02^b	0.37 &± 0.03^a	0.27 &± 0.02^b	0.35 &± 0.02^a	12.02^***	7.49^***	1.54
	R/S	0.36 &± 0.03^a	0.17 &± 0.03^b	0.23 &± 0.03^ab	0.18 &± 0.03^b	12.23^***	2.75^*	2.55^*
	RL (cm)	192.36 &± 9.72^a	186.38 &± 11.93^a	210.54 &± 14.45^a	199.73 &± 11.92^a	12.28^***	2.92^*	1.20
	RSA (cm²)	47.37 &± 3.00^b	46.50 &± 2.56^b	61.96 &± 4.38^a	59.90 &± 3.65^a	13.14^***	7.02^***	1.47
	PC (mg&·g^-1)	0.75 &± 0.03^b	1.14 &± 0.04^a	0.87 &± 0.08^ab	0.95 &± 0.11^ab	1.02	0.96	1.02
	NC (mg&·g^-1)	17.02 &± 0.39^b	21.68 &± 2.64^a	18.89 &± 0.34^ab	16.18 &± 0.59^b	3.44^**	3.37^*	1.47
异质低磷 Hetero low P	SH (cm)	17.51 &± 0.74^a	13.62 &± 0.52^b	16.72 &± 0.67^a	16.13 &± 0.67^a	43.10^***	12.58^***	2.54^*
	SBD (mm)	3.18 &± 0.11^a	2.61 &± 0.11^c	3.11 &± 0.10^ab	2.82 &± 0.12^bc	17.46^***	8.22^***	2.06^*
	SDW (g)	2.25 &± 0.19^a	1.42 &± 0.13^b	2.01 &± 0.14^a	1.96 &± 0.16^a	15.53^***	6.34^***	2.32^*
	RDW (g)	0.47 &± 0.04^a	0.36 &± 0.03^a	0.42 &± 0.04^a	0.47 &± 0.06^a	13.33^***	1.97	1.04
	R/S	0.26 &± 0.03^a	0.34 &± 0.05^a	0.26 &± 0.02^a	0.31 &± 0.04^a	7.30^***	0.65	0.49
	RL (cm)	368.77 &± 27.72^ab	296.81 &± 21.57^b	399.17 &± 31.82^ab	476.60 &± 61.51^a	6.70^***	4.13^**	1.09
	RSA (cm²)	105.77 &± 7.81^b	94.15 &± 7.77^b	115.78 &± 9.16^ab	139.34 &± 18.01^a	8.22^***	3.23^*	1.04
	PC (mg&·g^-1)	0.90 &± 0.03^a	1.18 &± 0.04^a	1.02 &± 0.03^a	1.11 &± 0.08^a	1.05	1.06	1.04
	NC (mg&·g^-1)	17.33 &± 0.39^b	18.46 &± 0.34^a	15.23 &± 0.41^c	15.17 &± 0.39^c	15.77^***	23.80^***	1.36

图2 局部供氮对低磷胁迫下马尾松不同家系苗木生长的影响(平均值±标准误差)。HHH, 均匀供氮; HHL, 表层和中间层供氮; LLH, 底层供氮; LLH/L, 底层半侧供氮。不同小写字母表示不同处理之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 The seedling growth traits of Pinus massoniana families in different local N supply treatments (mean ± SE). HHH, homogeneously high N along the soil profile; HHL, high N-high N-low N; LLH, low N-low N-high N; LLH/L, low N-low N-on side with N addition and the other side without N supply. Different lower letters indicate significant differences among treatments (p < 0.05).

图3 局部供氮对低磷胁迫下马尾松不同家系苗木根系参数的影响(平均值±标准误差)。HHH, 均匀供氮; HHL, 表层和中间层供氮; LLH, 底层供氮; LLH/L, 底层半侧供氮。不同小写字母表示不同处理之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 The root parameters of Pinus massoniana families in different local N supply treatments (mean ± SE). HHH, homogeneously high N along the soil profile; HHL, high N-high N-low N; LLH, low N-low N-high N; LLH/L, low N-low N-on side with N addition and the other side without N supply. Different lower letters indicate significant differences among treatments (p < 0.05).

图4 局部供氮对两种磷环境下马尾松不同家系氮、磷含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。HHH, 均匀供氮; HHL, 表层和中间层供氮; LLH, 底层供氮; LLH/L, 底层半侧供氮。不同小写字母表示不同处理之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。不同小写字母表示不同处理之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 N concentration and P concentration of P. massoniana families in different local N supply treatments (mean ± SE). HHH, homogeneously high N along the soil profile; HHL, high N-high N-low N; LLH, low N-low N-high N; LLH/L, low N-low N-on side with N addition and the other side without N supply. Different lower letters indicate significant differences among treatments (p < 0.05).

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局部供氮对低磷胁迫下马尾松不同家系生长及根系参数的影响

Effects of localized nitrogen supply treatments on growth and root parameters in Pinus massoniana families under phosphorus deficiency

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