林下植被抚育对樟人工林生态系统碳储量的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以亚热带东部地区48年生樟(Cinnamomum camphora)人工林为研究对象, 探讨不同林下植被处理方式对植被和土壤碳储量的影响。研究结果表明: 1)林下植被抚育增加了植被的碳储量, 增幅为48.87%, 平均每年比未抚育林分增加了0.62 t·hm^-2; 2)林下植被抚育降低了土壤有机碳含量, 降低幅度介于4.79%-34.13%之间, 其中0-10 cm、10-20 cm土层比未抚育林分分别降低了10.16 g·kg^-1和8.58 g·kg^-1, 差异达到显著水平(p < 0.05); 3)林下植被抚育降低了森林土壤碳储量, 降低幅度介于1.98%-43.45%之间, 其中0-10 cm和10-20 cm土层分别降低了15.39 t·hm^-2和11.58 t·hm^-2, 差异达到极显著水平(p < 0.01)和显著水平(p < 0.05); 4)林下植被抚育降低了森林生态系统总碳储量, 降低幅度为4.27%, 但差异不显著。因此, 林下植被抚育虽有利于植被碳储量的积累, 但降低了土壤有机碳含量和储量。

关键词: 碳储量, 樟人工林, 土壤有机碳含量, 林下植被抚育

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to document the effects of different forest management strategies on carbon storage in both vegetation and soil in a Cinnamomum camphora plantation.
Methods We investigated the biomass of trees, shrubs, herb and the litter layer to calculate the carbon storage of vegetation and collected soil samples of 0-60 cm depth to analyze the soil carbon storage in a C. camphora plantation.
Important findings The carbon storage of vegetation was higher in understory removal stands than that of non-removal stands, with an increase of 48.87% and an increment of 0.62 t·hm^-2·a^-1. The soil carbon content was lower when the understory vegetation was removed, with a significant decrease ranging from 4.79% to 34.13%, and a significant decline of 10.16 g·kg^-1and 8.58 g·kg^-1in the 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers, respectively (p < 0.05). Carbon storage in soil was reduced by understory removal treatment in each interval of 0-60 cm depth with a decrease ranging from 1.98% to 43.45% and an especially sharp decline of 15.39 t·hm^-2 and 11.58 t·hm^-2in 0-10 cm (p < 0.01) and 10-20 cm (p < 0.01) layers, respectively. However, the total forest carbon storage in the C. camphora plantation was not significantly reduced by understory removal treatment. Therefore, understory removal contributed to the accumulation of carbon storage in vegetation, but lowered the soil carbon content and storage.

Key words: carbon storage, Cinnamomum camphora plantation, content of soil organic carbon, understory removal

吴亚丛, 李正才, 程彩芳, 刘荣杰, 王斌, 格日乐图. 林下植被抚育对樟人工林生态系统碳储量的影响. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(2): 142-149. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00015

WU Ya-Cong, LI Zheng-Cai, CHENG Cai-Fang, LIU Rong-Jie, WANG Bin, GERI Le-Tu. Effects of understory removal on forest carbon storage in Cinnamomum camphora plantation ecosystem. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(2): 142-149. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00015

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2013/V37/I2/142

图/表 5

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林分类型 Stand type	主要植物 Main plant species	树高 Tree height (m)	胸径 DBH (cm)	立木密度 Stem density (株·hm^-2)	林龄 Stand age (a)	郁闭度 Canopy density	坡向 Slope aspect	林下植被 Understory vegetation
抚育 UR	樟 Cinnamomum camphora	13.5 ± 1.07	18.96 ± 1.98	917 ± 88	48	0.9	阳坡 Sunny slope	无灌木, 少量草本 With few shrubs and a few herbs
未抚育 UU	樟、青冈、檵木 Cinnamomum camphora, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, and Loropetalum chinensis	10.0 ± 0.59	10.58 ± 2.62	1 658 ± 300	48	0.9	阳坡 Sunny slope	灌草丛生 With lots of shrubs and herbs

林分类型 Stand type	主要植物 Main plant species	树高 Tree height (m)	胸径 DBH (cm)	立木密度 Stem density (株·hm^-2)	林龄 Stand age (a)	郁闭度 Canopy density	坡向 Slope aspect	林下植被 Understory vegetation
抚育 UR	樟 Cinnamomum camphora	13.5 ± 1.07	18.96 ± 1.98	917 ± 88	48	0.9	阳坡 Sunny slope	无灌木, 少量草本 With few shrubs and a few herbs
未抚育 UU	樟、青冈、檵木 Cinnamomum camphora, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, and Loropetalum chinensis	10.0 ± 0.59	10.58 ± 2.62	1 658 ± 300	48	0.9	阳坡 Sunny slope	灌草丛生 With lots of shrubs and herbs

处理 Treatment	乔木层 Arborous layer					林下植被 Understory vegetation		凋落物层Litter layer	合计 Total
处理 Treatment	树干 Trunk	树皮 Bark	树枝 Branch	叶 Leaf	根 Root	灌木 Shrub	草本 Herb	凋落物层Litter layer	合计 Total
抚育 UR (t·hm^-1)	36.64 ± 5.25^a	6.06 ± 0.85^a	26.36 ± 4.14^a	3.40 ± 0.45	14.55 ± 1.98^a	0.07 ± 0.01^a	0.06 ± 0.02	3.48 ± 0.86	90.62 ± 12.53^a
未抚育 UU (t·hm^-1)	23.88 ± 3.29^b	4.05 ± 0.52^b	16.00 ± 2.72^b	2.65 ± 0.24	10.33 ± 1.13^b	0.87 ± 0.48^b	0.05 ± 0.05	3.03 ± 0.21	60.87 ± 8.19^b
增加幅度 Increment (%)	53.43	49.68	64.78	28.09	40.85	-92.18	2.96	14.80	48.87
年变化量 Annual variation (t·hm^-1·a^-1)	0.27	0.04	0.22	0.02	0.09				0.62

处理 Treatment	乔木层 Arborous layer					林下植被 Understory vegetation		凋落物层Litter layer	合计 Total
处理 Treatment	树干 Trunk	树皮 Bark	树枝 Branch	叶 Leaf	根 Root	灌木 Shrub	草本 Herb	凋落物层Litter layer	合计 Total
抚育 UR (t·hm^-1)	36.64 ± 5.25^a	6.06 ± 0.85^a	26.36 ± 4.14^a	3.40 ± 0.45	14.55 ± 1.98^a	0.07 ± 0.01^a	0.06 ± 0.02	3.48 ± 0.86	90.62 ± 12.53^a
未抚育 UU (t·hm^-1)	23.88 ± 3.29^b	4.05 ± 0.52^b	16.00 ± 2.72^b	2.65 ± 0.24	10.33 ± 1.13^b	0.87 ± 0.48^b	0.05 ± 0.05	3.03 ± 0.21	60.87 ± 8.19^b
增加幅度 Increment (%)	53.43	49.68	64.78	28.09	40.85	-92.18	2.96	14.80	48.87
年变化量 Annual variation (t·hm^-1·a^-1)	0.27	0.04	0.22	0.02	0.09				0.62

处理 Treatment	土层 Soil layer
处理 Treatment	0-10 cm	10-20 cm	20-30 cm	30-40 cm	40-50 cm	50-60 cm
抚育 UR (g·kg^-1)	26.08 ± 3.79^a	16.56 ± 3.01^a	13.42 ± 1.40	12.38 ± 1.36	11.32 ± 2.02	11.52 ± 2.26
未抚育 UU (g·kg^-1)	36.24 ± 3.71^b	25.14 ± 3.79^b	18.84 ± 3.93	15.84 ± 4.96	13.49 ± 4.27	12.10 ± 4.20
降低幅度 Decrease (%)	28.04	34.13	28.77	21.84	16.09	4.79
年变化量 Annual variation (g·kg^-1·a^-1)	-0.21	-0.18	-0.11	-0.07	-0.05	-0.01