石灰岩地区连片出露石丛生境植物水分来源的季节性差异

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以桂西北石灰岩地区连片出露石丛生境次生林群落为研究对象, 运用稳定性氢氧同位素技术结合IsoSource模型, 分析了5种典型植物(半落叶乔木粉苹婆(Sterculia euosma)、落叶乔木菜豆树(Radermachera sinica)、常绿灌木鹅掌柴(Schefflera octophylla)以及落叶灌木红背山麻杆(Alchornea trewioides)和紫弹树(Celtis biondii))水分来源的季节性差异。结果表明: 雨季, 除鹅掌柴同时利用部分前期雨水外, 其余4种植物均主要利用最近15天内的雨水(利用比例的平均值之和均超过80%)。旱季, 5种植物均主要利用最近一次雨水与前期雨水(一个月前)的混合(利用比例的平均值之和均超过80%), 其中乔木和常绿灌木对前期雨水的利用比例更高(利用比例的平均值均超过50%)。植被良好的石灰岩连片出露石丛生境中, 植物主要以不同时期的雨水为主要水源, 这可能与石灰岩发育的裂隙及其储水能力有关。储存在裂隙中的雨水通过植物蒸腾的方式返回大气, 这一良好的水文循环过程应得到充分的保护。

关键词: 连片出露石丛, IsoSource模型, 石灰岩, 稳定同位素, 植物水分来源

Abstract:

Aims Woody plants in karst regions often grow on the continuous rock outcrops. However, the source of water for these plants is unclear. This study aimed at investigating the seasonal variation of water sources for plants growing on continuous limestone outcrops in southwestern China.
Methods Stable isotope techniques were used to access plant water uptake patterns for five different species in both wet and dry seasons. Then the IsoSource model was used to determine the probable contribution of each potential water source to total plant water uptake.
Important findings In the wet season, an average of >80% of water for four of the five species came from rainwater received in the previous 15 days and stored in fissures in shallow layers. Water accessed by the other species came mostly from recent rainwater; however, the species simultaneously absorbed water from fissures in deep layers that had been recharged from previous precipitation. In the dry season, all five species utilized both recent and previous rainwater, and the two tree species and one large evergreen shrub species used more previous rainwater (>50%).

Key words: continuous rock outcrops, IsoSource model, limestone, stable isotope, water sources of plants

聂云鹏, 陈洪松, 王克林. 石灰岩地区连片出露石丛生境植物水分来源的季节性差异. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(10): 1029-1037. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01029

NIE Yun-Peng, CHEN Hong-Song, WANG Ke-Lin. Seasonal variation of water sources for plants growing on continuous rock outcrops in limestone area of Southwest China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(10): 1029-1037. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01029

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2011/V35/I10/1029

图/表 5

参考文献 44

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物种 Species	雨季(2009年7月) Wet season (July 2009)		旱季(2009年11月) Dry season (Nov. 2009)
物种 Species	氢同位素值 δD value (‰)	氧同位素值 δ¹⁸O value (‰)	氢同位素值 δD value (‰)	氧同位素值 δ¹⁸O value (‰)
菜豆树 Radermachera sinica	-76.3 ± 5.1^a	-8.6 ± 0.3^bc	-63.4 ± 5.0^a	-7.4 ± 0.6^a
粉苹婆 Sterculia euosma	-78.1 ± 4.0^a	-10.0 ± 0.2^ab	-56.6 ± 4.2^ab	-6.8 ± 0.5^a
鹅掌柴 Schefflera octophylla	-62.7 ± 2.5^b	-7.4 ± 0.3^c	-52.0 ± 1.7^ab	-6.1 ± 0.2^ab
红背山麻杆 Alchornea trewioides	-71.3 ± 4.3^ab	-8.9 ± 0.8^abc	-46.5 ± 5.2^b	-4.8 ± 0.7^b
紫弹树 Celtis biondii	-85.8 ± 3.8^a	-10.3 ± 0.7^a	-47.8 ± 2.8^b	-5.2 ± 0.3^b

物种 Species	雨季(2009年7月) Wet season (July 2009)		旱季(2009年11月) Dry season (Nov. 2009)
物种 Species	氢同位素值 δD value (‰)	氧同位素值 δ¹⁸O value (‰)	氢同位素值 δD value (‰)	氧同位素值 δ¹⁸O value (‰)
菜豆树 Radermachera sinica	-76.3 ± 5.1^a	-8.6 ± 0.3^bc	-63.4 ± 5.0^a	-7.4 ± 0.6^a
粉苹婆 Sterculia euosma	-78.1 ± 4.0^a	-10.0 ± 0.2^ab	-56.6 ± 4.2^ab	-6.8 ± 0.5^a
鹅掌柴 Schefflera octophylla	-62.7 ± 2.5^b	-7.4 ± 0.3^c	-52.0 ± 1.7^ab	-6.1 ± 0.2^ab
红背山麻杆 Alchornea trewioides	-71.3 ± 4.3^ab	-8.9 ± 0.8^abc	-46.5 ± 5.2^b	-4.8 ± 0.7^b
紫弹树 Celtis biondii	-85.8 ± 3.8^a	-10.3 ± 0.7^a	-47.8 ± 2.8^b	-5.2 ± 0.3^b

雨季 Wet season	菜豆树 Radermachera sinica	粉苹婆 Sterculia euosma	鹅掌柴 Schefflera octophylla	红背山麻杆 Alchornea trewioides	紫弹树 Celtis biondii
雨水(7/1) Rain (July 1)	74.6 (65-86)	27.3 (13-38)	63.2 (57-69)	86.7 (81-95)	47.2 (45-50)
雨水(7/3) Rain (July 3)	14.1 (0-24)	28.6 (0-55)	1.1 (0-5)	3.0 (0-9)	48.7 (45-51)
雨水(7/6) Rain (July 6)	7.4 (0-30)	25.7 (0-67)	1.5 (0-7)	3.9 (0-11)	3.2 (0-9)
雨水(6) Rain (June)	1.8 (0-9)	9.8 (0-90)	30.2 (20-36)	3.5 (0-9)	0.3 (0-2)
泉水 Spring water	2.1 (0-9)	8.6 (0-26)	4.0 (0-15)	3.0 (0-7)	0.5 (0-2)

雨季 Wet season	菜豆树 Radermachera sinica	粉苹婆 Sterculia euosma	鹅掌柴 Schefflera octophylla	红背山麻杆 Alchornea trewioides	紫弹树 Celtis biondii
雨水(7/1) Rain (July 1)	74.6 (65-86)	27.3 (13-38)	63.2 (57-69)	86.7 (81-95)	47.2 (45-50)
雨水(7/3) Rain (July 3)	14.1 (0-24)	28.6 (0-55)	1.1 (0-5)	3.0 (0-9)	48.7 (45-51)
雨水(7/6) Rain (July 6)	7.4 (0-30)	25.7 (0-67)	1.5 (0-7)	3.9 (0-11)	3.2 (0-9)
雨水(6) Rain (June)	1.8 (0-9)	9.8 (0-90)	30.2 (20-36)	3.5 (0-9)	0.3 (0-2)
泉水 Spring water	2.1 (0-9)	8.6 (0-26)	4.0 (0-15)	3.0 (0-7)	0.5 (0-2)

旱季 Dry season	菜豆树 Radermachera sinica	粉苹婆 Sterculia euosma	鹅掌柴 Schefflera octophylla	红背山麻杆 Alchornea trewioides	紫弹树 Celtis biondii
雨水(10/14) Rain (Oct. 14)	2.3 (0-6)	2.5 (0-8)	0.5 (0-1)	3.5 (0-11)	5.1 (0-17)
雨水(10/25) Rain (Oct. 25)	25.5 (23-38)	34.6 (31-39)	46.5 (46-47)	47.9 (40-56)	42.6 (31-54)
雨水(9) Rain (Sept.)	68.5 (67-70)	58.0 (54-60)	53.0 (53-53)	40.2 (32-44)	41.4 (29-46)
泉水 Spring water	3.7 (0-7)	4.9 (0-14)	0.0	8.5 (0-27)	10.9 (0-39)