海南岛不同林龄的木麻黄林地土壤微生物的功能多样性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00056

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究不同林龄木麻黄(Casuarina equisetifolia)林地土壤微生物功能多样性的动态变化, 通过Biolog系统对海口市桂林洋开发区滨海不同林龄(幼龄林(林龄5-8年)、中龄林(林龄15-20年)和成熟林(林龄30年及以上))的木麻黄林地土壤微生物的功能多样性进行了分析。结果表明: (1)对照裸地和成熟林林地土壤微生物对所使用的Biolog-ECO微孔板中的31种碳源的利用率和对这31种碳源的各分类碳源的利用率高于中龄林与幼龄林林地; (2) Shannon-Wiener指数(H′), McIntosh、Simpson多样性指数随着林龄增大而增大, 不同林龄林地间的H′差异显著, 幼龄林和中龄林的McIntosh、Simpson多样性指数无显著差异; (3)主成分分析结果表明, 在主成分分离中起分异作用的主要碳源为单糖和氨基酸。林地土壤微生物群落多样性随着林龄增加而增高, 这可能是林分凋落物、植物根系分泌的次生代谢物、土壤养分、林地土壤特异性微生物等共同作用的结果。

关键词: Biolog-ECO微孔板, 木麻黄, 功能多样性, 土壤微生物

Abstract:

Aims Soil microbes play a key role in matter recycling and accumulation of allelochemicals. We studied the functional diversity of microbial communities in order to illustrate variations in soil microbial community diversity among different Casuarina equisetifolia woodlands.
Methods Young, middle-aged, and mature forest of C. equisetifolia woodlands in the Haikou Guilinyang littoral zone were chosen as subjects of the study. Soil microbial functional diversity in those stands was determined by using Biolog micro-plate technique.
Important findings The soil microbial carbon utilization was higher in bare land and the mature forest than the middle-aged and young forest. With increasing stand age, the values of Shannon-Wiener index (H') and McIntosh and Simpson diversity indices all increased. The H' significantly differed among different woodlands. However, there were no significant differences in the McIntosh and Simpson diversity indices between the young and middle-aged forest. Principal component analysis demonstrated that there was a significant difference in the soil microbial metabolic activities among different woodlands, in particular concerning monosaccharides and amino acids. The soil microbial community diversity increased with increasing stand age, which might be due to a joint action among many factors such as litter, the secondary metabolites of plant root secretion, soil nutrients, and specific soil microorganisms.

Key words: Biolog-ECO, Casuarina equisetifolia, functional diversity, soil microorganisms

李小容,韦金玉,陈云,曹婷婷,冯莉,顾美子,李蕾. 海南岛不同林龄的木麻黄林地土壤微生物的功能多样性. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(6): 608-618. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00056

LI Xiao-Rong,WEI Jin-Yu,CHEN Yun,CAO Ting-Ting,FENG Li,GU Mei-Zi,LI Lei. Functional diversity of soil microorganisms in Casuarina equisetifolia woodlands of different stand ages in Hainan Island. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(6): 608-618. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00056

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00056

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2014/V38/I6/608

图/表 8

参考文献 47

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林地 Woodland	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	含水量 Water content (%)	pH值 pH value	全氮 Total N (mg·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P (mg·kg^-1)	全钾 Total K (mg·kg^-1)
对照裸地 Bare land as control	1.52 ± 0.05^a	13.35 ± 0.69^b	5.52 ± 0.26^c	297.49 ± 47.11^b	528.31 ± 2.65^c	137.82 ± 24.62^b
幼龄林 Young forest	1.27 ± 0.06^b	14.88 ± 1.15^a	5.27 ± 0.45^bc	435.65 ± 11.76^a	498.62 ± 5.30^d	175.55 ± 30.42^a
中龄林 Middle-aged forest	1.30 ± 0.03^b	13.39 ± 0.45^b	4.96 ± 0.29^ab	418.32 ± 31.45^a	552.76 ± 7.05^b	154.67 ± 6.21^ab
成熟林 Mature forest	1.28 ± 0.02^b	14.62 ± 0.65^a	4.68 ± 0.15^a	239.91 ± 24.00^b	573.10 ± 0.47^a	155.40 ± 22.83^ab

林地 Woodland	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	含水量 Water content (%)	pH值 pH value	全氮 Total N (mg·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P (mg·kg^-1)	全钾 Total K (mg·kg^-1)
对照裸地 Bare land as control	1.52 ± 0.05^a	13.35 ± 0.69^b	5.52 ± 0.26^c	297.49 ± 47.11^b	528.31 ± 2.65^c	137.82 ± 24.62^b
幼龄林 Young forest	1.27 ± 0.06^b	14.88 ± 1.15^a	5.27 ± 0.45^bc	435.65 ± 11.76^a	498.62 ± 5.30^d	175.55 ± 30.42^a
中龄林 Middle-aged forest	1.30 ± 0.03^b	13.39 ± 0.45^b	4.96 ± 0.29^ab	418.32 ± 31.45^a	552.76 ± 7.05^b	154.67 ± 6.21^ab
成熟林 Mature forest	1.28 ± 0.02^b	14.62 ± 0.65^a	4.68 ± 0.15^a	239.91 ± 24.00^b	573.10 ± 0.47^a	155.40 ± 22.83^ab

林地 Woodland	单糖类底物及其衍生物 Monosaccharide substrates and their derivants	二糖、多糖底物Disaccharide and polysaccharide substrates	氨基酸底物及其衍生物 Amino acid substrates and their derivants	脂肪酸和脂类 Fat acid and lipid	代谢中间产物和次生代谢物 Metabolic intermediates and secondary metabolites
对照裸地 Bare land as control	2.27 ± 0.12^a	1.14 ± 0.29^a	2.85 ± 0.10^a	2.22 ± 0.17^a	2.19 ± 0.07^a
幼龄林 Young forest	0.28 ± 0.17^c	0.22 ± 0.20^b	0.02 ± 0.03^d	0.49 ± 0.18^b	0.23 ± 0.04^c
中龄林 Middle-aged forest	0.30 ± 0.07^c	0.03 ± 0.00^b	0.43 ± 0.19^c	0.78 ± 0.39^b	0.40 ± 0.13^c
成熟林 Mature forest	1.89 ± 0.17^b	0.82 ± 0.21^a	2.46 ± 0.20^b	2.04 ± 0.07^a	1.69 ± 0.76^b

林地 Woodland	单糖类底物及其衍生物 Monosaccharide substrates and their derivants	二糖、多糖底物Disaccharide and polysaccharide substrates	氨基酸底物及其衍生物 Amino acid substrates and their derivants	脂肪酸和脂类 Fat acid and lipid	代谢中间产物和次生代谢物 Metabolic intermediates and secondary metabolites
对照裸地 Bare land as control	2.27 ± 0.12^a	1.14 ± 0.29^a	2.85 ± 0.10^a	2.22 ± 0.17^a	2.19 ± 0.07^a
幼龄林 Young forest	0.28 ± 0.17^c	0.22 ± 0.20^b	0.02 ± 0.03^d	0.49 ± 0.18^b	0.23 ± 0.04^c
中龄林 Middle-aged forest	0.30 ± 0.07^c	0.03 ± 0.00^b	0.43 ± 0.19^c	0.78 ± 0.39^b	0.40 ± 0.13^c
成熟林 Mature forest	1.89 ± 0.17^b	0.82 ± 0.21^a	2.46 ± 0.20^b	2.04 ± 0.07^a	1.69 ± 0.76^b

林地 Woodland	Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener index	Simpson指数 Simpson index	McIntosh指数 McIntosh index	丰富度指数 Richness index
对照裸地 Bare land as control	3.17 ± 0.02^d	21.92 ± 0.12^b	12.87 ± 0.25^b	29.00 ± 1.00^a
幼龄林 Young forest	2.28 ± 0.06^c	8.23 ± 0.36^c	4.69 ± 0.31^c	16.67 ± 0.58^b
中龄林 Middle-aged forest	2.53 ± 0.06^b	9.13 ± 1.61^c	5.12 ± 0.07^c	8.00 ± 2.00^c
成熟林 Mature forest	3.29 ± 0.04^a	25.54 ± 1.35^a	13.81 ± 0.01^a	27.67 ± 1.53^a