落叶松原始林树木生长对氮添加的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0042

植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 433-441.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0042 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2015.0042

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落叶松原始林树木生长对氮添加的响应

刘修元^1,², 杜恩在³, 徐龙超^1,², 沈海花¹, 方精云¹, 胡会峰^1*()

¹中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
³北京大学城市与环境学院, 北京大学地表过程分析模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871

收稿日期:2015-03-16 接受日期:2015-04-22 出版日期:2015-05-01 发布日期:2015-05-26
作者简介:
*作者简介:E-mail:chengliu6542@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家重大科学研究计划(2010CB950- 600)、国家自然科学基金(31330012)和中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050300和XDA0505- 0700)

Response of tree growth to nitrogen addition in a Larix gmelinii primitive forest

LIU Xiu-Yuan^1,², DU En-Zai³, XU Long-Chao^1,², SHEN Hai-Hua¹, FANG Jing-Yun¹, HU Hui-Feng^1,^*()

¹State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
and ³College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2015-03-16 Accepted:2015-04-22 Online:2015-05-01 Published:2015-05-26
About author:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氮沉降对树木生长的影响是全球变化研究的一个核心问题。该文通过设置4种氮添加水平(对照(0)、低氮(20 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)、中氮(50 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)和高氮(100 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)), 研究了模拟氮沉降对落叶松(Larix gmelinii)原始林树木胸径生长的影响。结果表明: 中氮和高氮添加对落叶松胸径相对生长率有显著影响, 而且这种影响随施氮年限的增加而增强。不同高度的树木对氮添加的响应有很大差异, 较低树木(树高<16.5 m)的生长对氮添加无显著响应, 而较高(树高>16.5 m)的树木在中氮和高氮处理下胸径生长有显著加速(胸径相对生长率增幅>79.5%), 但随着树木高度的进一步增加, 这种加速作用明显下降。研究结果显示氮添加会促进落叶松胸径生长, 这种促进作用主要发生在较高的落叶松个体中。

关键词: 北方森林, 胸径, 落叶松, 氮沉降, 树木生长

Abstract: Aims

Global nitrogen (N) deposition has been consistently enhanced and significantly influenced the carbon (C) cycle of forest ecosystem. However, studies on the quantitive response of C sequestration to N deposition in China’s boreal forest ecosystem still remains insufficient. Tree growth is one of important components of C sequestration in forest ecosystem. In order to accurately evaluate the influence of N deposition on C sequestration in China’s boreal forest ecosystem, This study was designed to investigate how N deposition influenced the tree diameter at breast height (DBH) growth of a Larix gmelinii primitive forest.

Methods

We carried out a N enrichment experiment in an L. gmelinii primitive forest in Greater Khingan Mountains with four N addition levels (control (0), low N (20 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1), medium N (50 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1) and high N (100 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)). DBH was measured from 2012-2014 within all treatments.

Important findings

Medium N and high N additions significantly influenced the relative DBH growth of L. gmelinii, and the influence became more pronounced through time. N deposition significantly affected the DBH growth among different tree height classes: low height class (tree height <16.5 m) did not show significant response to N deposition, while high height class (tree height >16.5 m) showed significantly accelerated growth under medium and high N additions (the relevant DBH growth rate >79.5%), and this acceleration effect decreased as the tree height increased. This study indicated that N addition did enhance the DBH growth of L. gmelinii, but this enhancement mainly affected taller L. gmelinii trees.

Key words: boreal forest, diameter at breast height, Larix gmelinii, nitrogen deposition, tree growth

刘修元, 杜恩在, 徐龙超, 沈海花, 方精云, 胡会峰. 落叶松原始林树木生长对氮添加的响应. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(5): 433-441. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0042

LIU Xiu-Yuan,DU En-Zai,XU Long-Chao,SHEN Hai-Hua,FANG Jing-Yun,HU Hui-Feng. Response of tree growth to nitrogen addition in a Larix gmelinii primitive forest. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(5): 433-441. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0042

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0042

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I5/433

图/表 5

图1 落叶松原始林样地胸径和树高频率分布图(杜恩在, 2013)。

Fig. 1 Diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height frequency distribution in Larix gmelinii primitive forest stand (Du, 2013).

表1 落叶松胸径相对生长率与氮添加和年份的双因素方差分析

Table 1 Two-way ANOVA between Larix gmelinii diameter at breast height relative growth rate and N addition and year

方差来源 Sources of variation	df	均方 Mean square	F	p
氮添加 N addition	3	4.21	32.64	<0.001
年份 Year	2	11.26	87.31	<0.001
氮添加×年份 N addition × Year	6	0.19	1.44	0.20
误差 Residuals	1 107	0.13

图3 不同年份落叶松胸径相对生长率对不同氮添加水平的响应。字母a和b表示各年份中不同施氮水平落叶松胸径相对生长率的多重比较显著水平(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Responses of Larix gmelinii diameter at breast height (DBH) relative growth rate under different N treatments in different years. a and b represent the significant level of multiple comparisons of mean DBH relevant growth rate under different N treatments in each year (p < 0.05).

表2 2012-2014年各树高级落叶松胸径相对生长率（%）（平均值±标准误差）

Table 2 Larix gmelinii diameter at breast height relevant growth rate(%) of all tree height classes from 2012 to 2014(mean±SE)

图4 落叶松胸径相对生长率与树高和氮添加的协方差分析。实线表示胸径相对生长率与树高存在显著相关关系(p < 0.05); 虚线表示胸径相对生长率与树高不存在显著相关关系, 但单因素方差分析显示各氮添加处理间存在显著差异(p < 0.01)。只有点而无线段则表示胸径相对生长率与树高不存在显著相关关系, 且单因素方差分析显示各氮添加处理间不存在显著差异。

Fig. 4 The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) between Larix gmelinii diameter at breast height (DBH) relevant growth rate and tree height and N addition. The solid line represents there exists significant correlativity between DBH relevant growth rate and tree height (p < 0.05). The dash line represents there does not exist significant correlativity between DBH relevant growth rate and tree height, but the ANOVA shows significant difference between different nitrogen treatments (p < 0.01). The figure with only point represents there does not exist significant correlativity between DBH relevant growth rate and tree height, and the ANOVA shows no significant difference between different nitrogen treatments.

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落叶松原始林树木生长对氮添加的响应

Response of tree growth to nitrogen addition in a Larix gmelinii primitive forest

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