戴云山南坡海拔梯度上木本植物性系统分布特征及其影响因素

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0457

植物生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 150-159.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0457

戴云山南坡海拔梯度上木本植物性系统分布特征及其影响因素

韦鑫¹^,², 江蓝¹^,², 郑晨成¹^,², 朱静¹^,², 陈博¹^,², 李文周³, 赖淑瑜⁴, 刘金福¹^,², 何中声¹^,²^,^*()

¹ 福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002
² 生态与资源统计福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002
³ 福建戴云山国家级自然保护区管理局, 福建德化 362503
⁴ 德化县国有生态林场, 福建德化 362503

收稿日期:2024-12-16 接受日期:2025-02-26 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2026-02-13
通讯作者: *何中声 (jxhzs85@fafu.edu.cn)
基金资助:
福建省林业科技研究项目(2022FKJ11)

Distribution and influencing factors of woody plant sexual systems along elevational gradient on the south slope of Daiyun Mountain

WEI Xin¹^,², JIANG Lan¹^,², ZHENG Chen-Cheng¹^,², ZHU Jing¹^,², CHEN Bo¹^,², LI Wen-Zhou³, LAI Shu-Yu⁴, LIU Jin-Fu¹^,², HE Zhong-Sheng¹^,²^,^*()

¹ College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
² Key Lab of Ecology and Resources Statistics of Fujian Colleges, Fuzhou 350002, China
³ Administration Bureau of Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve of Fujian, Dehua, Fujian 362503, China
⁴ Dehua County State-owned Ecological Forestry Farm, Dehua, Fujian 362503, China

Received:2024-12-16 Accepted:2025-02-26 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2026-02-13
Contact: *HE Zhong-Sheng (jxhzs85@fafu.edu.cn)
Supported by:
Forestry Technology Research Project of Fujian Province(2022FKJ11)

1. 附录戴云山南坡海拔梯度上木本植物性系统分布.pdf(510KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物性系统是影响植物交配、遗传、进化与物种分布的重要繁殖器官, 根据花器官雌蕊与雄蕊分布位置的不同, 可将性系统分为两性花、雌雄异株与雌雄同株。该研究以戴云山南坡不同海拔(900-1 600 m)森林群落为研究对象, 分析木本植物性系统数量特征随海拔梯度的变化, 采用Mantel相关性分析探讨性系统与环境因子之间的相关关系。结果表明: 1)样地内共有木本植物85种, 其中两性花植物47种(55.3%), 雌雄异株植物29种(34.1%), 雌雄同株植物9种(10.6%)。2)随着海拔升高, 雌雄异株植株数和物种比例呈现“单峰”模式, 雌雄同株植株数先下降后上升, 雌雄同株物种比例显著下降, 两性花的植株数和物种比例无明显变化。3)随海拔升高, 性系统Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与Pielou均匀度指数总体下降, Simpson优势度指数无明显变化。4)土壤有效磷含量与土壤温度是驱动木本植物性系统数量特征随海拔梯度变化的最重要因子。综上, 戴云山南坡木本植物性系统数量特征沿海拔梯度存在显著差异, 性系统的海拔分布对环境变化高度敏感, 表明植物通过调节性系统组成适应环境变化, 从而确保种群持续生存和繁衍。

关键词: 戴云山, 海拔梯度, 性系统, 数量特征, 环境因子

Abstract:

Aims Plant sexual systems are important reproductive characteristics that affects plant mating, genetics, evolution, and species distribution. They are classified into three main categories based on the floral organ’s pistil and stamen arrangement: hermaphroditism, dioecy, and monoecy.

Methods We divided forest communities on the south slope of Daiyun Mountain (Fujian Province, China) into eight elevations along the elevational range of 900-1 600 m. Then we analyzed changes in the quantitative characteristics of woody plant sexual systems and investigated their correlation with environmental factors via Mantel correlation analysis.

Important findings The study area encompassed 85 woody plant species, with 47 (55.3%) hermaphroditic, 29 (34.1%) dioecious, and 9 (10.6%) monoecious species. With increasing elevation, the number of individuals and species diversity of dioecious plants show a “unimodal” pattern. The number of monoecious individuals first decreases and then increases, while the species diversity of monoecious plants significantly decreases. The number and species proportion of hermaphroditic plants show no significant changes. The Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index for sexual systems generally decreased with elevation, whereas the Simpson dominance index remained stable. Effective phosphorus and soil temperature were the primary drivers of elevational changes in sexual systems. In conclusion, the quantitative characteristics of the sexual systems of woody plants along elevational gradient on the south slope of Daiyun Mountain showed significant differences, and the elevational distribution of the sexual systems was highly sensitive to environmental changes, indicating that plants adapt to environmental changes by regulating the composition of their reproductive systems, thereby ensuring the continuous survival and reproduction of their populations.

Key words: Daiyun Mountain, elevational gradient, sexual system, quantitative characteristic, environmental factor

韦鑫, 江蓝, 郑晨成, 朱静, 陈博, 李文周, 赖淑瑜, 刘金福, 何中声. 戴云山南坡海拔梯度上木本植物性系统分布特征及其影响因素. 植物生态学报, 2026, 50(1): 150-159. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0457

WEI Xin, JIANG Lan, ZHENG Chen-Cheng, ZHU Jing, CHEN Bo, LI Wen-Zhou, LAI Shu-Yu, LIU Jin-Fu, HE Zhong-Sheng. Distribution and influencing factors of woody plant sexual systems along elevational gradient on the south slope of Daiyun Mountain. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2026, 50(1): 150-159. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0457

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0457

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2026/V50/I1/150

图/表 7

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性系统 Sexual system	植株数 No. of individuals	比例 Proportion (%)	物种数 No. of species	比例 Proportion (%)
两性花 Hermaphroditism	2 599	44.3	47	55.3
雌雄异株 Dioecy	1 619	27.6	29	34.1
雌雄同株 Monoecy	1 652	28.1	9	10.6
总计 Total	5 870	100.0	85	100.0

性系统 Sexual system	植株数 No. of individuals	比例 Proportion (%)	物种数 No. of species	比例 Proportion (%)
两性花 Hermaphroditism	2 599	44.3	47	55.3
雌雄异株 Dioecy	1 619	27.6	29	34.1
雌雄同株 Monoecy	1 652	28.1	9	10.6
总计 Total	5 870	100.0	85	100.0

森林群落 Plant community	物种数 No. of species	不同性系统物种比例 Proportion of different sexual systems of total number of species (%)
森林群落 Plant community	物种数 No. of species	两性花 Hermaphroditism	雌雄异株 Dioecy	雌雄同株 Monoecy
委内瑞拉巴尔加斯州热带森林 Tropical forest of Vargas State, Venezuela (Ramírez, 2022)	144	72.9	4.2	22.9
澳大利亚热带雨林 Tropical rainforest of Australia (Gross, 2005)	1 100	60.5	17.0	22.5
中国云南西双版纳热带雨林 Tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China (Chen & Li, 2008a)	685	60.6	25.1	14.3
中国海南尖峰岭热带雨林 Tropical rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan, China (Wang et al., 2019)	290	60.0	21.5	17.7
中国云南哀牢山亚热带森林 Subtropical Forest of Ailao Mountains, Yunnan, China (Chen & Li, 2008b)	703	60.2	24.0	15.8
中国河南白云山温带森林 Temperate Forest of Baiyun Mountain, Henan, China (Zhang et al., 2021)	93	58.1	20.4	21.5
中国吉林长白山温度森林 Temperate Forest of Changbai Mountain, Jilin, China (Wang et al., 2017)	206	51.9	18.5	29.6
中国福建戴云山亚热带森林 Subtropical Forest of Daiyun Mountain, Fujian, China	85	55.3	34.1	10.6

森林群落 Plant community	物种数 No. of species	不同性系统物种比例 Proportion of different sexual systems of total number of species (%)
森林群落 Plant community	物种数 No. of species	两性花 Hermaphroditism	雌雄异株 Dioecy	雌雄同株 Monoecy
委内瑞拉巴尔加斯州热带森林 Tropical forest of Vargas State, Venezuela (Ramírez, 2022)	144	72.9	4.2	22.9
澳大利亚热带雨林 Tropical rainforest of Australia (Gross, 2005)	1 100	60.5	17.0	22.5
中国云南西双版纳热带雨林 Tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China (Chen & Li, 2008a)	685	60.6	25.1	14.3
中国海南尖峰岭热带雨林 Tropical rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan, China (Wang et al., 2019)	290	60.0	21.5	17.7
中国云南哀牢山亚热带森林 Subtropical Forest of Ailao Mountains, Yunnan, China (Chen & Li, 2008b)	703	60.2	24.0	15.8
中国河南白云山温带森林 Temperate Forest of Baiyun Mountain, Henan, China (Zhang et al., 2021)	93	58.1	20.4	21.5
中国吉林长白山温度森林 Temperate Forest of Changbai Mountain, Jilin, China (Wang et al., 2017)	206	51.9	18.5	29.6
中国福建戴云山亚热带森林 Subtropical Forest of Daiyun Mountain, Fujian, China	85	55.3	34.1	10.6

性系统 Sexual system	物种 Species	相对多度 Relative abundance	相对显著度 Relative prominence	相对频度 Relative frequency	重要值 Importance value	海拔 Elevation (m)
两性花 Hermaphroditism	丁香杜鹃 Rhododendron farrerae	0.12	0.02	0.04	5.94	900-1 000, 1 200-1 600
	杜鹃 Rhododendron simsii	0.09	0.01	0.03	4.61	1 000, 1 300-1 600
	大萼杨桐 Adinandra glischroloma var. macrosepala	0.05	0.03	0.04	3.86	1 000-1 600
	红楠 Machilus thunbergii	0.01	0.07	0.03	3.44	1 100-1 600
	杨桐 Adinandra millettii	0.04	0.01	0.04	2.95	900-1 600
雌雄异株 Dioecy	窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	0.14	0.03	0.03	6.62	1 200-1 600
雌雄异株 Dioecy	岩柃 Eurya saxicola	0.05	0.01	0.03	2.82	1 300-1 600
雌雄同株 Monoecy	黄山松 Pinus hwangshanensi	0.09	0.36	0.03	15.74	1 300-1 600
	杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	0.06	0.22	0.03	10.39	900-1 200
	青冈 Quercus glauca	0.11	0.07	0.04	7.08	900-1 400
	马尾松 Pinus massoniana	0.01	0.06	0.02	2.94	900-1 100, 1 500

戴云山南坡海拔梯度上木本植物性系统分布特征及其影响因素

Distribution and influencing factors of woody plant sexual systems along elevational gradient on the south slope of Daiyun Mountain

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