氮肥添加对青藏高原高寒草甸6个群落优势种生态化学计量学特征的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00020

植物生态学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 231-237.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00020

所属专题：生态化学计量；青藏高原植物生态学：生态系统生态学

氮肥添加对青藏高原高寒草甸6个群落优势种生态化学计量学特征的影响

宾振钧¹, 王静静¹, 张文鹏¹, 徐当会¹^,^*(), 程雪寒¹, 李柯杰², 曹德昊²

¹兰州大学生命科学学院, 兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 兰州 730000
²兰州大学核科学与技术学院, 兰州 730000

收稿日期:2013-10-23 接受日期:2013-12-09 出版日期:2014-10-23 发布日期:2014-02-27
通讯作者: 徐当会
作者简介:*E-mail: dhxu@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31370423);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2013-95);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2012-109)

Effects of N addition on ecological stoichiometric characteristics in six dominant plant species of alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China

BIN Zhen-Jun¹, WANG Jing-Jing¹, ZHANG Wen-Peng¹, XU Dang-Hui¹^,^*(), CHENG Xue-Han¹, LI Ke-Jie², CAO De-Hao²

¹School of Life Science, Lanzhou University / State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
²The School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2013-10-23 Accepted:2013-12-09 Online:2014-10-23 Published:2014-02-27
Contact: XU Dang-Hui

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以青藏高原高寒草甸为研究对象, 通过人工氮肥添加试验, 研究6个群落优势种在不同施氮(N)水平下叶片碳(C)、N、磷(P)元素含量的变化以及生态化学计量学特征。结果表明: 自然条件下, 6个物种叶片N、P质量浓度存在显著的差异, 表现为: 黄花棘豆(Oxytropis ochrocephala)最高, 为24.5和2.51 g·kg^-1, 其叶片N含量低于而P含量高于我国其他草地的豆科植物; 其余5个物种叶片N、P质量浓度分别为11.5-18.1和1.49-1.72 g·kg^-1, 嵩草(Kobresia myosuroides)叶片N含量最低, 垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)叶片P含量最低, 与我国其他区域的研究结果相比, 其叶片N和P含量均低于我国其他草地非豆科植物。随氮素添加量的增大, 6种群落优势种叶片的C和P含量保持不变; 其他5种植物叶片N含量显著增加, 黄花棘豆叶片N含量保持不变。未添加氮肥时, 6种植物叶片N:P为7.3-11.2, 说明该区植物生长更多地受N限制。随N添加量的增加, 除黄花棘豆外, 其他5种植物叶片N:P大于16, 表现为植物生长受P限制。综合研究表明, 青藏草原高寒草甸植物叶片N含量较低, 植物受N影响显著, 但不同物种对N的添加反应不同, 豆科植物黄花棘豆叶片对N添加不敏感, 其他5个物种叶片全N含量随着N添加量的升高而增加, 该研究结果可为高寒草甸科学施肥提供理论依据。

关键词: 高寒草甸, 群落优势种, 生态化学计量学, 氮肥添加, N:P

Abstract:

Aims Our purpose was to characterize the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on plant carbon (C), N, phosphorus (P), and C:N:P ecological stoichiometric characteristics in six dominant plant species, including Kobresia myosuroides, Elymus nutans, Anemone rivularis, Pedicularis kansuensis, Potentilla fragarioides and Oxytropis ochrocephala, of alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China.
Methods N was added at four levels. Concentrations of C, N and P were measured, and C:N:P was estimated in the six plant species following the N addition treatments.
Important findings Significant differences in leaf N and P concentrations existed among the six species under natural conditions. The N and P concentrations were highest in O. ochrocephala, at 24.5 and 2.51 g·kg^-1, respectively. The leaf N concentration was significantly lower and leaf P concentration was significantly higher in O. ochrocephala than in legume plants of other grasslands in China. Leaf N and P concentrations in the other five species were in the ranges of 11.5-18.1 and 1.49-1.72 g·kg ^-1, respectively. Kokresia myosuroides had the lowest N concentrations and E. nutans had the lowest P concentrations; they were significantly lower than the non-legume plants in other grasslands in China (p < 0.001). P and C concentrations did not respond to N addition in all the six plant species, but N concentration significantly increased with N addition in five species other than O. ochrocephala, which did not respond to N addition. Values of the N:P varied in the range of 7.3-11.2 in treatment without N addition, indicating that the plant growth was limited by N in the alpine meadow. Values of the N:P increased and were greater than 16 with N addition in five species other than O. ochrocephala, indicating that N addition induced P deficiency in these five species. Our results point to very low leaf N concentration and limitation of N on plant growth in alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China, but different species had different responses to N addition. The legume plant O. ochrocephala was not susceptible to N addition, but leaf N concentration in other five plant species was increased by N addition. Findings in this study highlight the importance for fertilization and management of alpine meadow.

Key words: alpine meadow, community dominant species, ecological stoichiometry, N addition, N:P

宾振钧, 王静静, 张文鹏, 徐当会, 程雪寒, 李柯杰, 曹德昊. 氮肥添加对青藏高原高寒草甸6个群落优势种生态化学计量学特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(3): 231-237. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00020

BIN Zhen-Jun, WANG Jing-Jing, ZHANG Wen-Peng, XU Dang-Hui, CHENG Xue-Han, LI Ke-Jie, CAO De-Hao. Effects of N addition on ecological stoichiometric characteristics in six dominant plant species of alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(3): 231-237. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00020

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00020

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2014/V38/I3/231

图/表 5

表1 氮素添加前土壤的养分状况

Table 1 Soil nutrient status before N addition

土层 Soil layer (cm)	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg^-1)	pH
0-15	70.5	3.72	0.984	6.33
15-30	36.3	1.95	0.712	6.44
30-45	24.0	1.23	0.618	6.63

表2 氮肥添加对6种群落优势种植物叶片C、N、P含量(g·kg-1)的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 6)

Table 2 Effects of nitrogen addition on leaf C, N, and P contents (g·kg-1) in six dominant plant species (mean ± SE, n = 6)

元素 Element	处理 Treatment	草玉梅 Anemone rivularis	甘肃马先蒿Pedicularis kansuensis	莓叶委陵菜 Potentilla ragarioides	黄花棘豆 Oxytropis ochrocephala	垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	嵩草 Kobresia myosuroides
C	N0	431 ± 14.931^a	464 ± 2.480^a	442 ± 3.724^a	467 ± 1.424^a	459 ± 5.314^a	461 ± 4.993^a
	N1	438 ± 15.271^a	466 ± 3.954^a	451 ± 6.083^a	468 ± 3.143^a	460 ± 10.902^a	453 ± 3.444^a
	N2	440 ± 12.064^a	465 ± 6.991^a	456 ± 11.410^a	471 ± 4.913^a	461 ± 11.675^a	463 ± 3.652^a
	N3	445 ± 10.442^a	467 ± 3.992^a	452 ± 13.700^a	461 ± 4.393^a	463 ± 10.904^a	467 ± 6.454^a
N	N0	16.5 ± 1.094^a	17.3 ± 2.087^a	18.1 ± 1.131^a	24.5 ± 1.113^a	16.7 ± 0.036^a	11.5 ± 0.188^a
	N1	18.9 ± 1.298^b	21.1 ± 2.094^b	25.7 ± 2.74^b	22.6 ± 1.190^a	21.2 ± 0.166^b	15.8 ± 0.211^b
	N2	24.1 ± 2.127^c	26.0 ± 1.158^c	29.7 ± 2.144^c	26.8 ± 1.114^a	26.3 ± 0.122^c	18.8 ± 0.212^c
	N3	32.5 ± 2.169^d	32.2 ± 2.087^d	36.7 ± 1.081^d	23.1 ± 1.124^a	31.0 ± 0.366^d	22.8 ± 0.211^d
P	N0	1.716 ± 0.077^a	1.636 ± 0.053^a	1.672 ± 0.083^a	2.509 ± 0.089^a	1.488 ± 0.070^a	1.591 ± 0.077^a
	N1	1.713 ± 0.065^a	1.640 ± 0.070^a	1.682 ± 0.095^a	2.488 ± 0.080^a	1.490 ± 0.081^a	1.575 ± 0.042^a
	N2	1.718 ± 0.076^a	1.638 ± 0.063^a	1.668 ± 0.064^a	2.506 ± 0.114^a	1.478 ± 0.067^a	1.555 ± 0.064^a
	N3	1.721 ± 0.090^a	1.628 ± 0.075^a	1.679 ± 0.071^a	2.511 ± 0.109^a	1.502 ± 0.070^a	1.585 ± 0.073^a

图1 氮肥添加对6种植物叶片C:N的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 6)。N0、N1、N2和N3指氮素添加量分别为0、7、14和21 g·m-2。不同字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effects of nitrogen (N) addition on leaf C:N in six plant species (mean ± SE, n = 6). N0, N1, N2, and N3 represent the nitrogen addition treatment of 0, 7, 14, and 21 g·m-2, respectively. Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p < 0.05). Ar, Anemone rivularis; En, Elymus nutans; Km, Kobresia myosuroides; Oo, Oxytropis ochoocephala; Pk, Pedicularis kansuensis; Pf, Potentilla fragarioides.

图2 氮肥添加对6种植物叶片C:P的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 6)。N0、N1、N2和N3指氮素添加量分别为0、7、14和21 g·m-2。不同字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Effects of nitrogen (N) addition on leaf C:P in six plant species (mean ± SE, n = 6). N0, N1, N2, and N3 represent the nitrogen addition treatment of 0, 7, 14, and 21 g·m-2, respectively. Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p < 0.05). Ar, Anemone rivularis; En, Elymus nutans; Km, Kobresia myosuroides; Oo, Oxytropis ochoocephala; Pk, Pedicularis kansuensis; Pf, Potentilla fragarioides.

图3 氮肥添加对6种植物叶片N:P的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 6)。N0、N1、N2和N3指氮素添加量分别为0、7、14和21 g·m-2。不同字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of nitrogen (N) addition on leaf N:P in six plant species (mean ± SE, n = 6). N0, N1, N2, and N3 represent the nitrogen addition treatment of 0, 7, 14, and 21 g·m-2, respectively. Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p < 0.05). Ar, Anemone rivularis; En, Elymus nutans; Km, Kobresia myosuroides; Oo, Oxytropis ochoocephala; Pk, Pedicularis kansuensis; Pf, Potentilla fragarioides.

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氮肥添加对青藏高原高寒草甸6个群落优势种生态化学计量学特征的影响

Effects of N addition on ecological stoichiometric characteristics in six dominant plant species of alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China

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