四川西北部亚高山云杉天然林生态系统碳密度、净生产量和碳贮量的初步研究

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2007.0035

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

该文利用野外实际调查数据对四川西北部亚高山云杉(Picea asperata)天然林碳密度、净生产量、碳贮量及其分布进行了分析,结果表明,在调查区域,云杉天然林分平均生物量为230.37×10³ kg·hm^-2,其中乔木层为212.77×10³ kg·hm^-2,占林分生物量的92.30%。云杉天然林生态系统各组分的平均碳密度为树干57.85%,树皮47.12%,树枝51.22%,树叶48.27%和树根52.39%,灌木层平均碳密度49.91%,草本层平均碳密度46.34%,地被层平均碳密度43.21%,枯落物层平均碳密度39.44%,土壤碳密度平均值为1.41%,随土层深度增加各层次土壤碳密度逐渐减少。云杉林平均生态系统总碳贮量为273.79×10³ kg·hm^-2,其中乔木层109.30×10³ kg·hm^-2,占云杉林生态系统总碳贮量的39.92%,灌木层5.69×10³ kg·hm^-2,占2.08%,草本层1.26×10³ kg·hm^-2,占0.46%,地被物层0.60×10³ kg·hm^-2,占0.22%,枯落物层0.83×10³ kg·hm^-2,占0.30%,林内土壤(0~100 cm)碳贮量为156.11×10³ kg·hm^-2,占57.01%。云杉林的碳库分布序列为土壤(0~100 cm)>乔木层>灌木层>草本层>枯落物层>地被物层。云杉天然林分平均净生产总量为6 838.5 kg·hm^-2·a^-1,碳素年总净固量平均为3 584.98 kg·hm^-2·a^-1,其中乔木层净生产量为4 676 kg·hm^-2·a^-1,占林分总量的68.38%,碳素年平均固定量2 552.99 kg·hm^-2·a^-1,占林分总量的71.21%。

关键词: 云杉, 碳密度, 净生产量, 碳贮量

Abstract:

Aims Carbon density, net production and carbon stock were estimated using data from natural spruce forests of Northwest Subalpine Sichuan.

Methods We harvested biomass, litter and soil carbon and calculated net production by dividing biomass by forest age.

Important findings The mean biomass of spruce forest is 230.37×10³ kg·hm^-2, with the tree layer accounting for 212.77×10³ kg·hm^-2 (92.36%). The percentage of carbon density in tree organs are stem 57.85%, bark 47.12%, branch 51.22%, leaf 48.27%, and root 52.39%. The percentage of carbon density in different strata are shrub 49.91%, herb 46.34%, duff 43.21%, litter 39.44%, and soil 1.41%. Carbon density declines with increased soil depth. The carbon stock is 273.79×10³ kg·hm^-2, divided among the tree layer with 109.30×10³ kg·hm^-2 (39.92%), shrub 5.69×10³ kg·hm^-2 (2.08%), herb 1.26×10³ kg·hm^-2 (0.46%), duff 0.60×10³ kg·hm^-2 (0.22%), litter 0.83×10³ kg·hm^-2 (0.30%), and soil (0-100 cm) 156.11×10³ kg·hm^-2 (57.01%). Therefore, the carbon stocks are ordered: soil (0-100 cm) > tree layer > shrub > herb > litter > duff. Mean net production is 6 838.5 kg·hm ^-2·a^-1, with the tree layer accounting for 4 676 kg·hm^-2·a^-1 (68.38%). Mean annual carbon sequestration is 3 584.98 kg·hm^-2·a^-1, with the tree layer accounting for 2 552.99 kg·hm^-2·a^-1 (71.21%).

Key words: spruce forests, carbon density, net primary production, carbon stock

马明东, 江洪, 罗承德, 刘跃建. 四川西北部亚高山云杉天然林生态系统碳密度、净生产量和碳贮量的初步研究. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(2): 305-312. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0035

MA Ming-Dong, JIANG Hong, LUO Cheng-De, LIU Yao-Jian. PRELIMINARY STUDY OF CARBON DENSITY, NET PRODUCTION AND CARBON STOCK IN NATURAL SPRUCE FORESTS OF NORTHWEST SUBALPINE SICHUAN, CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(2): 305-312. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0035

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2007.0035

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2007/V31/I2/305

图/表 13

参考文献 19

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林分变量 Stand variables	统计值 Statistical value
林分变量 Stand variables	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	平均值 Average	标准差 Standard derivation
年龄 Age	27	150	59.35	38.96
平均直径 Average diameter breast height (cm)	9.0	23.2	18.92	4.17
平均树高 Average height (m)	6.1	20.6	14.53	3.62
每公顷株数 Timber stocking per hectare (株·hm^-2)	325	4 500	1 096	568
每公顷蓄积量 Timber stocking per hectare (m³·hm^-2)	32.66	898.06	180.1	112.26
林分郁闭度 Stand closure (P)	0.4	0.9	0.68	0.10

林分变量 Stand variables	统计值 Statistical value
林分变量 Stand variables	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	平均值 Average	标准差 Standard derivation
年龄 Age	27	150	59.35	38.96
平均直径 Average diameter breast height (cm)	9.0	23.2	18.92	4.17
平均树高 Average height (m)	6.1	20.6	14.53	3.62
每公顷株数 Timber stocking per hectare (株·hm^-2)	325	4 500	1 096	568
每公顷蓄积量 Timber stocking per hectare (m³·hm^-2)	32.66	898.06	180.1	112.26
林分郁闭度 Stand closure (P)	0.4	0.9	0.68	0.10

层次 Layers	组分 Component	碳密度 Carbon density (%)
枯落物 Litter	未分解枯落物Under composed litter	48.34
	半分解枯落物Semi decomposed litter	45.26
	已分解枯落物Decomposed litter	24.69
	平均Average	39.44
土壤层 Soil layer	0~20 cm	2.69
	20~40 cm	1.47
	40~60 cm	1.12
	60~80 cm	0.94
	80~100 cm	0.83
	平均Average	1.41

层次 Layers	组分 Component	碳密度 Carbon density (%)
枯落物 Litter	未分解枯落物Under composed litter	48.34
	半分解枯落物Semi decomposed litter	45.26
	已分解枯落物Decomposed litter	24.69
	平均Average	39.44
土壤层 Soil layer	0~20 cm	2.69
	20~40 cm	1.47
	40~60 cm	1.12
	60~80 cm	0.94
	80~100 cm	0.83
	平均Average	1.41

组分 Component	生物量Biomass (×10³ kg·hm^-2)	碳密度 Carbon density (%)	碳贮量Carbon stock (×10³ kg·hm^-2)	碳贮量百分比 Percentage of carbon stock (%)
乔木层Arborous layer	212.77	57.85~47.12(51.37)	118.67	41.91
灌木层Shrub layer	11.40	49.91	5.69	2.01
草本层Herb layer	2.71	46.34	1.26	0.44
地被物层Ground cover layer	1.38	43.21	0.60	0.21
枯落物层Litter layer	2.11	48.38~24.69(39.44)	0.83	0.29
土壤层Soil layer
0~20 cm	2 046	2.69	55.04	19.44
20~40 cm	2 137	1.47	31.41	11.10
40~60 cm	2 350	1.12	26.32	9.30
60~80 cm	2 413	0.94	22.68	8.00
80~100 cm	2 489	0.83	20.66	7.30
合计Total			283.16	100.00