兰州市主要绿化植物气孔性状特征

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0257

植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 187-196.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0257

所属专题：植物功能性状

兰州市主要绿化植物气孔性状特征

杨克彤¹, 常海龙¹, 陈国鹏¹^,^*(), 俞筱押², 鲜骏仁³

¹甘肃农业大学林学院, 兰州 730070
²黔南民族师范学院旅游与资源环境学院, 贵州都匀 558000
³四川农业大学环境学院, 成都 611130

收稿日期:2020-07-30 接受日期:2020-12-28 出版日期:2021-02-20 发布日期:2021-03-09
通讯作者: ORCID: *陈国鹏: 0000-0002-3854-8755(chgp1986@gmail.com)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31800352);全国大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201710733052);全国大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010733027)

Stomatal traits of main greening plant species in Lanzhou

YANG Ke-Tong¹, CHANG Hai-Long¹, CHEN Guo-Peng¹^,^*(), YU Xiao-Ya², XIAN Jun-Ren³

¹College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanhou 730070, China
²School of Tourism and Resource Environment, Qiannan Normal College for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou 558000, China
³College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received:2020-07-30 Accepted:2020-12-28 Online:2021-02-20 Published:2021-03-09
Contact: CHEN Guo-Peng
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800352);College Students’ Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program(201710733052);College Students’ Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program(202010733027)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气孔是植物叶片与外界环境进行水汽交换的门户, 利用气孔特征反映植物对环境变化的响应与适应有助于了解干旱区绿化植物的适应策略。于2019年7月通过气孔印迹法对兰州市40种主要绿化植物气孔性状进行观察与测定。采用标准化主轴估计和系统独立比较分析建立气孔性状间的相关关系; 通过计算Blomgerg’sK值以检验系统发育信号; 利用聚类分析和主成分分析对气孔性状特征进行功能群划分。结果表明: (1)在所研究的植物中, 气孔性状特征在个体间差异显著, 植物生长型(乔木、小乔木、灌木和草本)会显著影响气孔长度、宽度、开度和密度, 叶习性(落叶和常绿)仅对气孔开度有显著影响; (2)气孔长度与宽度、气孔开度与面积间均为显著的异速生长关系, 气孔密度与面积和开度间为负异速生长关系; (3)系统发育会对气孔性状的相关关系产生显著影响, 虽然气孔性状的系统发育保守性不强(K < 1), 但气孔开度和气孔开张比具有显著的系统发育信号; 4)依据气孔性状特征可以将绿化植物划分为: 低密度-大面积、高密度-小面积和中等密度-适中面积共3种功能群。结合系统发育和异速生长理论能更好地解释气孔性状变异及适应策略。

关键词: 黄土高原, 绿化植物, 气孔性状, 异速生长, 系统发育

Abstract:

Aims Stomata are the main channels for water and gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere. Stomatal traits reflect plant responses to environmental changes, and thus could help us better understand plant adaptation strategies to arid environments.
Methods In July 2019, six traits for stomata were measured from 40 main greening plant species in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. One-way ANOVA was used to test the traits difference among the growth forms (tree, semi-tree, shrub and herb) and leaf habits (deciduous and evergreen). Standardized major axis estimation and phylogenetically independent contrast analysis were used to compare the allometry relationship between stomatal traits. Then the Blomberg’sK value was calculated to determine phylogenetic signal. Functional groups were partition by k-means clustering and principal component analysis.
Important findings The stomatal traits varied significantly among greening plant species. Different growth forms (trees, semi-trees, shrubs and herbs) showed significant variations in stomatal length (SL), width (SW), opening level (SOL) and density (SD), while deciduous and evergreen plants only differed in SOL. Significant allometric relations were detected between SL vs. SW, SOL vs. SA. We also observed negative allometric relations between SD vs. SA and SD vs. SOL. Phylogeny significantly influenced the correlations among stomatal traits. Although the phylogenetic conservatism of stomatal traits was not strong (K< 1),SOL and stomatal opening ratio (SOR) showed significant phylogenetic signals (p < 0.05). According to the stomatal traits, greening plants can be divided into three functional groups: lower-density with larger area, higher-density with smaller area, or medium- density with moderate area. The combination of phylogeny and allometric scaling relations can provide a better explanation for stomatal trait variations and adaptation strategies.

Key words: Loess Plateau, greening plant, stomata, allometry, phylogeny

杨克彤, 常海龙, 陈国鹏, 俞筱押, 鲜骏仁. 兰州市主要绿化植物气孔性状特征. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(2): 187-196. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0257

YANG Ke-Tong, CHANG Hai-Long, CHEN Guo-Peng, YU Xiao-Ya, XIAN Jun-Ren. Stomatal traits of main greening plant species in Lanzhou. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(2): 187-196. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0257

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2020.0257

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2021/V45/I2/187

图/表 6

图1 兰州市主要绿化植物的气孔性状。 Ace. tru., 元宝枫; Aco. cal., 菖蒲; Ail. alt., 臭椿; Amy. per., 碧桃; Ber. thu., 日本小檗; Bux. sin., 小叶黄杨; Car. cat., 山核桃; Cer. chi., 紫荆; Cer. ser., 日本晚樱; Cra. pin., 山楂; Euc. ulm., 杜仲; Euo. jap., 冬青卫矛; Euo. maa., 白杜; For. sus., 连翘; For. vir., 金钟花; Fra. chi., 白蜡树; Gin. bil., 银杏; Hem. Ful., 萱草; Hib. syr., 木槿; Hos. pla., 玉簪; Hyl. spe., 长药八宝; Iri. tec., 鸢尾; Koe. pan., 栾树; Lig. luc., 女贞; Lig. ova., 卵叶女贞; Phe. aiz., 费菜; Pla. gra., 桔梗; Pru. cer., 樱桃李; Pun. gra., 石榴; Pyr. xer., 木梨; Rob. pse., 刺槐; Ros. luc., 亮叶月季; Sal. mat., 旱柳; Sam. wil., 接骨木; Sop. jap., 龙爪槐; Syr. obl., 紫丁香; Syr. vil., 辽东丁香; Ulm. pum., 榆树; Vit. vin., 葡萄; Yul. den., 玉兰。

Fig. 1 Stomatal traits of main greening plant species in Lanzhou. Ace. tru., Acer truncatum; Aco. cal., Acorus calamus; Ail. alt., Ailanthus altissima; Amy. per., Amygdalus persica f. duplex; Ber. thu., Berberis thunbergii; Bux. sin., Buxus sinica var. parvifolia; Car. cat., Carya cathayensis; Cer. chi., Cercis chinensis; Cer. ser., Cerasus serrulata var. lannesiana; Cra. pin., Crataegus pinnatifida; Euc. ulm., Eucommia ulmoides; Euo. jap., Euonymus japonicus; Euo. maa., Euonymus maackii; For. sus., Forsythia suspensa; For. vir., Forsythia viridissima; Fra. chi., Fraxinus chinensis; Gin. bil., Ginkgo biloba; Hem. ful., Hemerocallis fulva; Hib. syr., Hibiscus syriacus; Hos. pla., Hosta plantaginea; Hyl. spe., Hylotelephium spectabile; Iri. tec., Iris tectorum; Koe. pan., Koelreuteria paniculata; Lig. luc., Ligustrum lucidum; Lig. ova., Ligustrum ovalifolium; Phe. aiz., Phedimus aizoon; Pla. gra., Platycodon grandiflorus; Pru. cer., Prunus cerasifera; Pun. gra., Punica granatum; Pyr. xer., Pyrus xerophila; Rob. pse., Robinia pseudoacacia; Ros. luc., Rosa lucidissima; Sal. mat., Salix matsudana; Sam. wil., Sambucus williamsii; Sop. jap., Sophora japonica var. Japonica f. pendula; Syr. obl., Syringa oblata; Syr. vil., Syringa villosa subsp. wolfii; Ulm. pum., Ulmus pumila; Vit. Vin., Vitis vinifera; Yul. den., Yulania denudata.

图2 兰州市主要绿化植物生长型及叶习性对气孔性状的影响(平均值±标准误)。Dec, 落叶植物; Eve, 常绿植物; Her, 草本; Sem, 小乔木; Shr, 灌木; Tre, 乔木。SA, 气孔面积; SD, 气孔密度; SL, 气孔长度; SOL, 气孔开度; SOR, 气孔开张比; SW, 气孔宽度。不同小写字母代表差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Effects of growth forms and leaf habitus on stomatal traits of main greening plant species in Lanzhou (mean ± SE). Dec, deciduous; Eve, evergreen; Her, herb; Sem, semi-tree; Shr, shrub; Tre, tree. SA, stomatal area; SD, stomatal density; SL, stomatal length; SOL, stomatal opening level; SOR, stomatal opening ratio; SW, stomatal width. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among growth forms and leaf habitus (p < 0.05).

图3 兰州市主要绿化植物气孔性状间的异速生长关系。SA, 气孔面积; SD, 气孔密度; SL, 气孔长度; SOL, 气孔开度; SW, 气孔宽度。

Fig. 3 Allometric relations of stomatal traits of main greening plant species in Lanzhou. SA, stomatal area; SD, stomatal density; SL, stomatal length; SOL, stomatal opening level; SW, stomatal width.

表1 兰州市主要绿化植物气孔性状的系统发育信号

Table 1 Phylogenetic signals of stomatal traits across main greening plant species in Lanzhou

性状 Trait	K	p
SL	0.298	0.110
SW	0.291	0.140
SOL	0.334	0.023
SA	0.269	0.379
SOR	0.688	0.006
SD	0.281	0.185

图4 兰州市主要绿化植物基于气孔性状特征的物种功能群划分。SA, 气孔面积; SD, 气孔密度; SL, 气孔长度; SOL, 气孔开度; SOR, 气孔开张比; SW, 气孔宽度。物种缩写同图1。

Fig. 4 Classification of plant functional groups based on stomatal traits of main greening plant species in Lanzhou. SA, stomatal area; SD, stomatal density; SL, stomatal length; SOL, stomatal opening level; SOR, stomatal opening ratio; SW, stomatal width. See Fig. 1 for species abbreviation.

表2 兰州市主要绿化植物气孔性状与主成分的相关性

Table 2 Correlations between stomatal traits of main greening plant species in Lanzhou and principal components

性状 Trait	主成分1 Coefficients of PC 1	主成分2 Coefficients of PC 2
SL	0.512 63	-0.044 93
SW	0.501 39	-0.010 85
SOL	0.338 33	0.141 74
SA	0.497 11	0.024 11
SOR	0.184 12	0.792 84
SD	-0.300 55	0.590 43

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兰州市主要绿化植物气孔性状特征

Stomatal traits of main greening plant species in Lanzhou

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