Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 458-470.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0212
• Research Articles • Previous Articles
LÜ Zhong-Cheng1,4,KANG Wen-Xing1,2,3,*(),HUANG Zhi-Hong1,2,3,ZHAO Zhong-Hui1,2,3,DENG Xiang-Wen1,2,3
Online:
2019-05-20
Published:
2019-10-28
Contact:
KANG Wen-Xing
Supported by:
LÜ Zhong-Cheng, KANG Wen-Xing, HUANG Zhi-Hong, ZHAO Zhong-Hui, DENG Xiang-Wen. Reuse of retranslocated nutrients in tissues of Chinese fir in plantations of different ages[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(5): 458-470.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0212
Fig. 1 Productivity of Chinese fir forests in different age classes. In the same age, the different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among organs (p < 0.05).
林龄 Stand age (a) | 养分元素 Nutrient elements (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
氮 Nitrogen | 磷 Phosphorus | 钾 Potassium | 钙 Calcium | 镁 Magnesium | ||
8-11 | +3.11aM | +0.37bM | +1.36cM | +1.96dM | +1.03eM | +7.83M |
12-16 | -1.41aN | -0.43bN | -1.27cN | -1.90dM | -0.82eN | -5.83N |
17-20 | -1.66aR | -0.53bR | -1.40cM | -2.26dR | -0.90eR | -6.75R |
21-25 | -1.30aS | -0.40bN | -1.06cS | -1.77dS | -0.65eS | -5.18S |
Table 1 Average annual nutrient element transfer within the body of Chinese fir in different ages
林龄 Stand age (a) | 养分元素 Nutrient elements (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
氮 Nitrogen | 磷 Phosphorus | 钾 Potassium | 钙 Calcium | 镁 Magnesium | ||
8-11 | +3.11aM | +0.37bM | +1.36cM | +1.96dM | +1.03eM | +7.83M |
12-16 | -1.41aN | -0.43bN | -1.27cN | -1.90dM | -0.82eN | -5.83N |
17-20 | -1.66aR | -0.53bR | -1.40cM | -2.26dR | -0.90eR | -6.75R |
21-25 | -1.30aS | -0.40bN | -1.06cS | -1.77dS | -0.65eS | -5.18S |
林龄 Stand age (a) | 干 Stem wood (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 皮 Stem bark (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 枝 Twig (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 叶 Needle (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 根 Root (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8-11 | +1.01aM | +1.21bM | +2.10cM | +2.92dM | +0.59eM | +7.83M |
12-16 | -1.09aN | -0.64bN | -1.46cN | -1.57dN | -1.07aN | -5.83N |
17-20 | -1.79aR | -0.87bR | -1.63aR | -1.18dR | -1.28dR | -6.75R |
21-25 | -1.65aR | -0.71bS | -1.08cS | -0.86dS | -0.88dS | -5.18S |
Table 2 Average annual nutrient transfer in organs of Chinese fir in different ages
林龄 Stand age (a) | 干 Stem wood (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 皮 Stem bark (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 枝 Twig (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 叶 Needle (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 根 Root (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8-11 | +1.01aM | +1.21bM | +2.10cM | +2.92dM | +0.59eM | +7.83M |
12-16 | -1.09aN | -0.64bN | -1.46cN | -1.57dN | -1.07aN | -5.83N |
17-20 | -1.79aR | -0.87bR | -1.63aR | -1.18dR | -1.28dR | -6.75R |
21-25 | -1.65aR | -0.71bS | -1.08cS | -0.86dS | -0.88dS | -5.18S |
林龄 Stand age (a) | 器官 Organ | 养分元素 Nutrient elements (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
磷 Phosphorus | 氮 Nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 钙 Calcium | 镁 Magnesium | |||
1-7 | 枝 Twig | 0.01bA | 0.05aA | 0.11cA | 0.01bA | 0.01bA | 0.19A |
叶 Needle | 0.18bB | 1.25aB | 1.30cB | 0.19bB | 0.12cB | 3.04B | |
合 Total | 0.19bB | 1.30aQ | 1.41cQ | 0.20dB | 0.13eQ | 3.23Q | |
8-11 | 枝 Twig | 0.04bC | 0.24aC | 0.42cC | 0.03dD | 0.03dC | 0.77C |
叶 Needle | 0.62bD | 5.24aD | 4.62cD | 0.86dF | 0.38eD | 11.72D | |
合 Total | 0.66bE | 5.48aE | 5.04cE | 0.89dE | 0.41eE | 12.48E | |
12-16 | 枝 Twig | 0.15bM | 1.04aM | 1.49cM | 0.16dM | 0.09eM | 2.93M |
叶 Needle | 1.03bN | 8.47aN | 6.76cN | 1.44dN | 0.43eN | 18.13N | |
合 Total | 1.18bT | 9.51aT | 8.25cT | 1.60dT | 0.52eT | 21.06T | |
17-20 | 枝 Twig | 0.39bK | 2.87aK | 3.47cK | 0.45dK | 0.18eK | 7.36K |
叶 Needle | 1.52bR | 11.98aR | 8.51cR | 2.11dR | 0.41eR | 24.53R | |
合 Total | 1.91bS | 14.85aS | 11.98cS | 2.56dS | 0.59eS | 31.89S | |
21-25 | 枝 Twig | 0.41bK | 3.57aW | 3.71cW | 0.57dW | 0.14eW | 8.40W |
叶 Needle | 1.34bG | 10.30aG | 6.94cG | 2.02dR | 0.28eG | 20.88G | |
合 Total | 1.75bP | 13.87aP | 10.65cP | 2.59dP | 0.42eP | 29.28P |
Table 3 Average annual nutrient element transferred before death of branches and leaves of Chinese fir
林龄 Stand age (a) | 器官 Organ | 养分元素 Nutrient elements (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
磷 Phosphorus | 氮 Nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 钙 Calcium | 镁 Magnesium | |||
1-7 | 枝 Twig | 0.01bA | 0.05aA | 0.11cA | 0.01bA | 0.01bA | 0.19A |
叶 Needle | 0.18bB | 1.25aB | 1.30cB | 0.19bB | 0.12cB | 3.04B | |
合 Total | 0.19bB | 1.30aQ | 1.41cQ | 0.20dB | 0.13eQ | 3.23Q | |
8-11 | 枝 Twig | 0.04bC | 0.24aC | 0.42cC | 0.03dD | 0.03dC | 0.77C |
叶 Needle | 0.62bD | 5.24aD | 4.62cD | 0.86dF | 0.38eD | 11.72D | |
合 Total | 0.66bE | 5.48aE | 5.04cE | 0.89dE | 0.41eE | 12.48E | |
12-16 | 枝 Twig | 0.15bM | 1.04aM | 1.49cM | 0.16dM | 0.09eM | 2.93M |
叶 Needle | 1.03bN | 8.47aN | 6.76cN | 1.44dN | 0.43eN | 18.13N | |
合 Total | 1.18bT | 9.51aT | 8.25cT | 1.60dT | 0.52eT | 21.06T | |
17-20 | 枝 Twig | 0.39bK | 2.87aK | 3.47cK | 0.45dK | 0.18eK | 7.36K |
叶 Needle | 1.52bR | 11.98aR | 8.51cR | 2.11dR | 0.41eR | 24.53R | |
合 Total | 1.91bS | 14.85aS | 11.98cS | 2.56dS | 0.59eS | 31.89S | |
21-25 | 枝 Twig | 0.41bK | 3.57aW | 3.71cW | 0.57dW | 0.14eW | 8.40W |
叶 Needle | 1.34bG | 10.30aG | 6.94cG | 2.02dR | 0.28eG | 20.88G | |
合 Total | 1.75bP | 13.87aP | 10.65cP | 2.59dP | 0.42eP | 29.28P |
林龄 Stand age (a) | 生产力 Prolificacy (t·hm-2·a-1) | 计算公式 Calculation formula | 养分元素 Nutrient elements (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
磷 Phosphorus | 氮 Nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 钙 Calcium | 镁 Magnesium | ||||
1-7 | 6.17 | ARR | 2.92 | 30.43 | 21.44 | 28.66 | 7.54 | 90.79 |
公式(8) Formula (8) | 2.74 | 29.18 | 20.14 | 28.47 | 7.42 | 87.57 | ||
8-11 | 10.63 | ARR | 5.60 | 57.30 | 36.45 | 50.26 | 14.47 | 164.08 |
公式(8) Formula (8) | 5.31 | 54.93 | 32.77 | 51.33 | 15.09 | 159.43 | ||
12-16 | 11.31 | ARR | 5.79 | 61.09 | 37.79 | 53.10 | 15.35 | 173.10 |
公式(7) Formula (7) | 4.18 | 50.17 | 28.27 | 49.60 | 13.99 | 146.21 | ||
17-20 | 16.51 | ARR | 6.72 | 73.30 | 44.69 | 58.24 | 16.41 | 199.36 |
公式(7) Formula (7) | 4.28 | 56.79 | 31.31 | 53.42 | 14.92 | 160.72 | ||
21-25 | 14.45 | ARR | 5.61 | 60.77 | 38.46 | 48.66 | 13.70 | 167.19 |
公式(7) Formula (7) | 3.45 | 45.60 | 26.75 | 44.30 | 12.63 | 132.73 |
Table 4 Annual nutrients taken up from soils by Chinese fir plantations at different ages
林龄 Stand age (a) | 生产力 Prolificacy (t·hm-2·a-1) | 计算公式 Calculation formula | 养分元素 Nutrient elements (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
磷 Phosphorus | 氮 Nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 钙 Calcium | 镁 Magnesium | ||||
1-7 | 6.17 | ARR | 2.92 | 30.43 | 21.44 | 28.66 | 7.54 | 90.79 |
公式(8) Formula (8) | 2.74 | 29.18 | 20.14 | 28.47 | 7.42 | 87.57 | ||
8-11 | 10.63 | ARR | 5.60 | 57.30 | 36.45 | 50.26 | 14.47 | 164.08 |
公式(8) Formula (8) | 5.31 | 54.93 | 32.77 | 51.33 | 15.09 | 159.43 | ||
12-16 | 11.31 | ARR | 5.79 | 61.09 | 37.79 | 53.10 | 15.35 | 173.10 |
公式(7) Formula (7) | 4.18 | 50.17 | 28.27 | 49.60 | 13.99 | 146.21 | ||
17-20 | 16.51 | ARR | 6.72 | 73.30 | 44.69 | 58.24 | 16.41 | 199.36 |
公式(7) Formula (7) | 4.28 | 56.79 | 31.31 | 53.42 | 14.92 | 160.72 | ||
21-25 | 14.45 | ARR | 5.61 | 60.77 | 38.46 | 48.66 | 13.70 | 167.19 |
公式(7) Formula (7) | 3.45 | 45.60 | 26.75 | 44.30 | 12.63 | 132.73 |
林龄 Stand age (a) | 养分来源 Source of nutrients | 养分元素 Nutrient elements (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
磷 Phosphorus | 氮 Nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 钙 Calcium | 镁 Magnesium | |||
1-7 | 土壤中吸收 Absorbed from the soil | 0.44 | 4.73 | 3.26 | 4.62 | 1.20 | 14.25 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.03 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.52 | |
TPGM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
合计 Total | 0.47 | 4.94 | 3.49 | 4.65 | 1.22 | 14.77 | |
8 -11 | ASNAPGM | 0.50 | 5.17 | 3.08 | 4.83 | 1.42 | 15.00 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.06 | 0.52 | 0.47 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 1.17 | |
TPGM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
合计 Total | 0.56 | 5.69 | 3.55 | 4.91 | 1.46 | 16.17 | |
12-16 | 土壤中吸收 Absorbed from the soil | 0.37 | 4.44 | 2.50 | 4.39 | 1.23 | 12.93 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.10 | 0.84 | 0.73 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 1.86 | |
TPGM | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.10 | 0.52 | |
合计 Total | 0.52 | 5.38 | 3.36 | 4.67 | 1.38 | 15.31 | |
17-20 | 土壤中吸收 Absorbed from the soil | 0.26 | 3.44 | 1.90 | 3.23 | 0.90 | 9.73 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.12 | 0.89 | 0.72 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 1.93 | |
TPGM | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.41 | |
合计 Total | 0.43 | 4.44 | 2.72 | 3.46 | 1.02 | 12.07 | |
21-25 | 从土壤中吸收 Absorbed from the soil | 0.24 | 3.16 | 1.85 | 3.06 | 0.87 | 9.18 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.12 | 0.96 | 0.74 | 0.18 | 0.03 | 2.03 | |
TPGM | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.36 | |
合计 Total | 0.39 | 4.21 | 2.66 | 3.36 | 0.95 | 11.57 |
Table 5 Nutrients and sources needed for producing 1 t dry biomass in Chinese fir plantations
林龄 Stand age (a) | 养分来源 Source of nutrients | 养分元素 Nutrient elements (kg·hm-2·a-1) | 合计 Total (kg·hm-2·a-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
磷 Phosphorus | 氮 Nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 钙 Calcium | 镁 Magnesium | |||
1-7 | 土壤中吸收 Absorbed from the soil | 0.44 | 4.73 | 3.26 | 4.62 | 1.20 | 14.25 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.03 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.52 | |
TPGM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
合计 Total | 0.47 | 4.94 | 3.49 | 4.65 | 1.22 | 14.77 | |
8 -11 | ASNAPGM | 0.50 | 5.17 | 3.08 | 4.83 | 1.42 | 15.00 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.06 | 0.52 | 0.47 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 1.17 | |
TPGM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
合计 Total | 0.56 | 5.69 | 3.55 | 4.91 | 1.46 | 16.17 | |
12-16 | 土壤中吸收 Absorbed from the soil | 0.37 | 4.44 | 2.50 | 4.39 | 1.23 | 12.93 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.10 | 0.84 | 0.73 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 1.86 | |
TPGM | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.10 | 0.52 | |
合计 Total | 0.52 | 5.38 | 3.36 | 4.67 | 1.38 | 15.31 | |
17-20 | 土壤中吸收 Absorbed from the soil | 0.26 | 3.44 | 1.90 | 3.23 | 0.90 | 9.73 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.12 | 0.89 | 0.72 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 1.93 | |
TPGM | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.41 | |
合计 Total | 0.43 | 4.44 | 2.72 | 3.46 | 1.02 | 12.07 | |
21-25 | 从土壤中吸收 Absorbed from the soil | 0.24 | 3.16 | 1.85 | 3.06 | 0.87 | 9.18 |
衰老枝叶回流 Return from senescent branches and leaves | 0.12 | 0.96 | 0.74 | 0.18 | 0.03 | 2.03 | |
TPGM | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.36 | |
合计 Total | 0.39 | 4.21 | 2.66 | 3.36 | 0.95 | 11.57 |
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