Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2009, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 698-705.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.04.008
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LIU Chang-Cheng1,2, WEI Ya-Fen1,2, LIU Yu-Guo1,2, GUO Ke1,*()
Received:
2008-05-26
Revised:
2009-02-10
Online:
2009-05-26
Published:
2009-07-30
Contact:
GUO Ke
LIU Chang-Cheng, WEI Ya-Fen, LIU Yu-Guo, GUO Ke. BIOMASS OF CANOPY AND SHRUB LAYERS OF KARST FORESTS IN PUDING, GUIZHOU, CHINA[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2009, 33(4): 698-705.
样地号 Plot No. | I | II | III |
---|---|---|---|
地点 Study site | 天龙山 Tianlongshan | 天龙山 Tianlongshan | 赵家田 Zhaojiatian |
优势种 Dominant species | 窄叶石栎(Lithocarpus confinis)、 云南鼠刺(Itea yunnanensis) | 圆果化香(Platycarya longipes)、云南鼠刺(Itea yunnanensis) | 圆果化香(Platycarya longipes)、槲栎(Quercus aliena) |
纬度 Latitude | 26°14′43″ N | 26°14′43″ N | 26°16′1″ N |
经度 Longitude | 105°45′51″ E | 105°45′37″ E | 105°46′39″ E |
海拔 Altitude (m) | 1 506 | 1 415 | 1 431 |
坡向 Aspect | S | SW | N |
坡度 Slope (°) | 41 | 30 | 40 |
坡位 Position | 上 Upper | 中 Middle | 中 Middle |
土壤覆盖率 Soil coverage (%) | 80 | 25 | 70 |
Table 1 Plot characteristics of karst forests in Puding, Guizhou
样地号 Plot No. | I | II | III |
---|---|---|---|
地点 Study site | 天龙山 Tianlongshan | 天龙山 Tianlongshan | 赵家田 Zhaojiatian |
优势种 Dominant species | 窄叶石栎(Lithocarpus confinis)、 云南鼠刺(Itea yunnanensis) | 圆果化香(Platycarya longipes)、云南鼠刺(Itea yunnanensis) | 圆果化香(Platycarya longipes)、槲栎(Quercus aliena) |
纬度 Latitude | 26°14′43″ N | 26°14′43″ N | 26°16′1″ N |
经度 Longitude | 105°45′51″ E | 105°45′37″ E | 105°46′39″ E |
海拔 Altitude (m) | 1 506 | 1 415 | 1 431 |
坡向 Aspect | S | SW | N |
坡度 Slope (°) | 41 | 30 | 40 |
坡位 Position | 上 Upper | 中 Middle | 中 Middle |
土壤覆盖率 Soil coverage (%) | 80 | 25 | 70 |
物种 Species | 径级(cm)及样本数 DBH classes (cm) and sample No. | 回归模型 Regression models | R2 |
---|---|---|---|
圆果化香 Platycarya longipes | 1.0≤D≤22.6 (n=14) | y=1.961 1(D2H)0.892 1 | 0.988 6** |
窄叶石栎 Lithocarpus confinis | 1.5≤D≤12.5 (n=12) | y=0.896 7(D2H)0.963 6 | 0.981 7** |
云南鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis | 1.0≤D≤12.4 (n=10) | y=1.954 5(D2H)0.899 6 | 0.956 8** |
刺楸 Kalopanax septemlobus | 1.0≤D≤22.6 (n=14) | y=1.141 6(D2H)0.882 8 | 0.996 7** |
安顺润楠 Machilus cavaleriei | 1.0≤D≤19.9 (n=13) | y=2.621 1(D2H)0.856 5 | 0.973 3** |
槲栎 Quercus aliena | 1.5≤D≤22.9 (n=10) | y=0.786 5(D2H)0.963 2 | 0.994 2** |
香叶树 Lindera communis | 0.6≤d≤1.4 (n=13) | y=2.279 5(d2H)0.763 6 | 0.961 9** |
川钓樟 Lindera pulcherrima var. hemsleyana | 0.6≤d≤2.5 (n=13) | y=1.329 5(d2H)0.835 | 0.938 8** |
异叶鼠李 Rhamnus hetrophylla | 0.5≤d≤1.3 (n=10) | y=0.492 4(d2H)+21.122 | 0.900 5** |
倒卵叶旌节花 Stachyurus obovatus | 0.9≤d≤2.2 (n=10) | y=0.186 7(d2H)1.200 3 | 0.940 6** |
薄叶鼠李 Rhamnus leptophylla | 0.7≤d≤3.1 (n=10) | y=0.959 8(d2H)0.884 9 | 0.956 9** |
贵州花椒 Zanthoxylum esquirolii | 0.3≤d≤0.9 (n=11) | y=1.180 7(d2H)+1.175 4 | 0.984 9** |
竹叶椒 Zanthoxylum planispinum | 0.6≤d≤1.4 (n=12) | y=0.287 6(d2H)+22.075 | 0.900 6** |
铁仔 Myrsine africana | 0.2≤d≤0.8 (n=10) | y=0.575 7(d2H)+18.309 | 0.814 4** |
刺异叶花椒 Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllum var. spinifolium | 0.3≤d≤1.3 (n=10) | y=0.537 9(d2H)+29.405 | 0.935 9** |
各径级 DBH classes | D<1.0 (n=55) | y=0.541 8(d2H)+17.287 | 0.781 7** |
1.0<D≤5.0 (n=66) | y=0.583 4(D2H)-8.151 | 0.958 4** | |
D>5.0 (n=26) | y=2.014 1(D2H)0.889 | 0.922 8** |
Table 2 Regression models for biomass of main tree species and different DBH classes
物种 Species | 径级(cm)及样本数 DBH classes (cm) and sample No. | 回归模型 Regression models | R2 |
---|---|---|---|
圆果化香 Platycarya longipes | 1.0≤D≤22.6 (n=14) | y=1.961 1(D2H)0.892 1 | 0.988 6** |
窄叶石栎 Lithocarpus confinis | 1.5≤D≤12.5 (n=12) | y=0.896 7(D2H)0.963 6 | 0.981 7** |
云南鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis | 1.0≤D≤12.4 (n=10) | y=1.954 5(D2H)0.899 6 | 0.956 8** |
刺楸 Kalopanax septemlobus | 1.0≤D≤22.6 (n=14) | y=1.141 6(D2H)0.882 8 | 0.996 7** |
安顺润楠 Machilus cavaleriei | 1.0≤D≤19.9 (n=13) | y=2.621 1(D2H)0.856 5 | 0.973 3** |
槲栎 Quercus aliena | 1.5≤D≤22.9 (n=10) | y=0.786 5(D2H)0.963 2 | 0.994 2** |
香叶树 Lindera communis | 0.6≤d≤1.4 (n=13) | y=2.279 5(d2H)0.763 6 | 0.961 9** |
川钓樟 Lindera pulcherrima var. hemsleyana | 0.6≤d≤2.5 (n=13) | y=1.329 5(d2H)0.835 | 0.938 8** |
异叶鼠李 Rhamnus hetrophylla | 0.5≤d≤1.3 (n=10) | y=0.492 4(d2H)+21.122 | 0.900 5** |
倒卵叶旌节花 Stachyurus obovatus | 0.9≤d≤2.2 (n=10) | y=0.186 7(d2H)1.200 3 | 0.940 6** |
薄叶鼠李 Rhamnus leptophylla | 0.7≤d≤3.1 (n=10) | y=0.959 8(d2H)0.884 9 | 0.956 9** |
贵州花椒 Zanthoxylum esquirolii | 0.3≤d≤0.9 (n=11) | y=1.180 7(d2H)+1.175 4 | 0.984 9** |
竹叶椒 Zanthoxylum planispinum | 0.6≤d≤1.4 (n=12) | y=0.287 6(d2H)+22.075 | 0.900 6** |
铁仔 Myrsine africana | 0.2≤d≤0.8 (n=10) | y=0.575 7(d2H)+18.309 | 0.814 4** |
刺异叶花椒 Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllum var. spinifolium | 0.3≤d≤1.3 (n=10) | y=0.537 9(d2H)+29.405 | 0.935 9** |
各径级 DBH classes | D<1.0 (n=55) | y=0.541 8(d2H)+17.287 | 0.781 7** |
1.0<D≤5.0 (n=66) | y=0.583 4(D2H)-8.151 | 0.958 4** | |
D>5.0 (n=26) | y=2.014 1(D2H)0.889 | 0.922 8** |
层次 Layer | 样地I Plot I | 样地II Plot II | 样地III Plot III | 平均 Average | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | |||||
乔木层 Tree layer | 8 400 | 84.3 | 7 583 | 63.1 | 6 450 | 114.0 | 7 478 | 87.1 | ||||
(40.4) | (98.5) | (65.58) | (96.6) | (55.8) | (99.0) | (53.9) | (98.0) | |||||
灌木层 Shrub layer | 12400 | 1.3 | 4 000 | 2.2 | 5 100 | 1.2 | 7167 | 1.6 | ||||
(59.6) | (1.5) | (34.5) | (3.4) | (44.2) | (1.0) | (46.1) | (2.0) | |||||
总计 Total | 20 800 | 85.6 | 11 583 | 65.3 | 11 550 | 115. 2 | 14 644 | 88.7 |
Table 3 Distribution of biomass (103 kg·hm-2) between layers
层次 Layer | 样地I Plot I | 样地II Plot II | 样地III Plot III | 平均 Average | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | |||||
乔木层 Tree layer | 8 400 | 84.3 | 7 583 | 63.1 | 6 450 | 114.0 | 7 478 | 87.1 | ||||
(40.4) | (98.5) | (65.58) | (96.6) | (55.8) | (99.0) | (53.9) | (98.0) | |||||
灌木层 Shrub layer | 12400 | 1.3 | 4 000 | 2.2 | 5 100 | 1.2 | 7167 | 1.6 | ||||
(59.6) | (1.5) | (34.5) | (3.4) | (44.2) | (1.0) | (46.1) | (2.0) | |||||
总计 Total | 20 800 | 85.6 | 11 583 | 65.3 | 11 550 | 115. 2 | 14 644 | 88.7 |
径级 DBH classes (cm) | 样地I Plot I | 样地II Plot II | 样地III Plot III | 平均 Average | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | ||||
D≤1 | 13 217 | 0.4 | 2 267 | 0.2 | 4 483 | 0.4 | 6 656 | 0.3 | |||
(63.5) | (0.5) | (19.6) | (0.3) | (38.8) | (0.4) | (40.6) | (0.4) | ||||
1<D≤5 | 5 800 | 7.0 | 7 350 | 13.5 | 6 250 | 4.3 | 6 467 | 8.3 | |||
(27.9) | (8.1) | (63.5) | (20.7) | (54.1) | (3.8) | (48.5) | (10.9) | ||||
5<D≤10 | 1 017 | 18.296 | 1 650 | 33.037 | 367 | 6.685 | 1 011 | 19.339 | |||
(4.9) | (21.4) | (14.2) | (50.6) | (3.2) | (5.8) | (7.4) | (25.9) | ||||
10<D≤20 | 750 | 54.7 | 317 | 18. 6 | 267 | 19.2 | 444 | 30.8 | |||
(3.6) | (63.9) | (2.7) | (28.4) | (2.3) | (16.7) | (2.9) | (36.3) | ||||
20<D≤30 | 17 | 5.2 | - | - | 100 | 34.6 | 39 | 13.2 | |||
(0.1) | (6.1) | - | - | (0.9) | (30.0) | (0.32) | (12.0) | ||||
D>30 | - | - | - | - | 83 | 50.0 | 28 | 16.7 | |||
- | - | - | - | (0.7) | (43.4) | (0.2) | (14.5) | ||||
总计 Total | 20 800 | 85.6 | 11 583 | 65.4 | 11 550 | 115.2 | 14 644 | 88.7 |
Table 4 Distribution of biomass (103 kg·hm-2) among DBH classes
径级 DBH classes (cm) | 样地I Plot I | 样地II Plot II | 样地III Plot III | 平均 Average | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | 个体数 No. of individual | 生物量 Biomass | ||||
D≤1 | 13 217 | 0.4 | 2 267 | 0.2 | 4 483 | 0.4 | 6 656 | 0.3 | |||
(63.5) | (0.5) | (19.6) | (0.3) | (38.8) | (0.4) | (40.6) | (0.4) | ||||
1<D≤5 | 5 800 | 7.0 | 7 350 | 13.5 | 6 250 | 4.3 | 6 467 | 8.3 | |||
(27.9) | (8.1) | (63.5) | (20.7) | (54.1) | (3.8) | (48.5) | (10.9) | ||||
5<D≤10 | 1 017 | 18.296 | 1 650 | 33.037 | 367 | 6.685 | 1 011 | 19.339 | |||
(4.9) | (21.4) | (14.2) | (50.6) | (3.2) | (5.8) | (7.4) | (25.9) | ||||
10<D≤20 | 750 | 54.7 | 317 | 18. 6 | 267 | 19.2 | 444 | 30.8 | |||
(3.6) | (63.9) | (2.7) | (28.4) | (2.3) | (16.7) | (2.9) | (36.3) | ||||
20<D≤30 | 17 | 5.2 | - | - | 100 | 34.6 | 39 | 13.2 | |||
(0.1) | (6.1) | - | - | (0.9) | (30.0) | (0.32) | (12.0) | ||||
D>30 | - | - | - | - | 83 | 50.0 | 28 | 16.7 | |||
- | - | - | - | (0.7) | (43.4) | (0.2) | (14.5) | ||||
总计 Total | 20 800 | 85.6 | 11 583 | 65.4 | 11 550 | 115.2 | 14 644 | 88.7 |
样地 Plot | 树种 Species | 植株个体 Individual | 生物量 Biomass | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
个体密度 Density (No. ·hm-2) | 占乔灌层% % of the tree and shrub layers | 103 kg·hm-2 | 占乔灌层% % of the tree and shrub layers | |||
I | 窄叶石栎 Lithocarpus confinis | 1 867 | 9.5 | 60.9 | 71.1 | |
云南鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis | 950 | 4.8 | 16. 7 | 19.5 | ||
安顺润楠 Machilus cavaleriei | 1267 | 6.4 | 2.8 | 3.3 | ||
短萼海桐 Pittosporum brevicalyx | 517 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.3 | ||
圆果化香 Platycarya longipes | 1 533 | 7.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | ||
异叶鼠李 Rhamnus heterophylla | 3 700 | 18.8 | 0.3 | 0.4 | ||
苦枥木 Fraxinus retusa | 33 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||
倒卵叶旌节花 Stachyurus obovatus | 950 | 4.8 | 0.1 | 0.2 | ||
独山石楠 Photinia tushanensis | 317 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
紫丁香 Syringa oblata | 17 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
总计 Total | 11 150 | 56.6 | 85.0 | 99.3 | ||
II | 圆果化香 Platycarya longipes | 2 867 | 27.9 | 34. 2 | 52.3 | |
云南鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis | 600 | 5.835 | 15.4 | 23.6 | ||
安顺润楠 Machilus cavaleriei | 1 333 | 13.0 | 6.4 | 9.7 | ||
窄叶石栎 Lithocarpus confinis | 633 | 6.2 | 2.0 | 3.1 | ||
云贵鹅耳枥 Carpinus pubescens | 183 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 3.1 | ||
山樱 Cerasus serrulata | 100 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.9 | ||
翅荚香槐 Cladrastis platycarpa | 117 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.1 | ||
麻栎 Quercus acutissima | 17 | 0. 2 | 0.7 | 1.0 | ||
珊瑚冬青 Ilex coralliana | 117 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.8 | ||
小叶朴 Celtis bungeana | 217 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 0.6 | ||
总计 Total | 6 183 | 60.1 | 63.6 | 97.3 | ||
III | 槲栎 Quercus aliena | 183 | 1.6 | 72.0 | 62.6 | |
圆果化香 Platycarya longipes | 3 000 | 26.5 | 26.4 | 22.9 | ||
云南鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis | 233 | 2.1 | 7.0 | 6.1 | ||
安顺润楠 Machilus cavaleriei | 733 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 3.5 | ||
猴樟 Cinnamomum bodinieri | 133 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.9 | ||
沙梨 Pyrus pyrifolia | 33 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.9 | ||
刺楸 Kalopanax septemlobus | 417 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | ||
薄叶鼠李 Rhamnus leptophylla | 1 167 | 10.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | ||
红叶木姜子 Litsea rubescens | 17 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | ||
异叶鼠李 Rhamnus heterophylla | 883 | 7.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||
总计 Total | 6 800 | 60.0 | 114.0 | 99.0 |
Table 5 Individual density and biomass allocation of the ten main species
样地 Plot | 树种 Species | 植株个体 Individual | 生物量 Biomass | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
个体密度 Density (No. ·hm-2) | 占乔灌层% % of the tree and shrub layers | 103 kg·hm-2 | 占乔灌层% % of the tree and shrub layers | |||
I | 窄叶石栎 Lithocarpus confinis | 1 867 | 9.5 | 60.9 | 71.1 | |
云南鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis | 950 | 4.8 | 16. 7 | 19.5 | ||
安顺润楠 Machilus cavaleriei | 1267 | 6.4 | 2.8 | 3.3 | ||
短萼海桐 Pittosporum brevicalyx | 517 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.3 | ||
圆果化香 Platycarya longipes | 1 533 | 7.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | ||
异叶鼠李 Rhamnus heterophylla | 3 700 | 18.8 | 0.3 | 0.4 | ||
苦枥木 Fraxinus retusa | 33 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||
倒卵叶旌节花 Stachyurus obovatus | 950 | 4.8 | 0.1 | 0.2 | ||
独山石楠 Photinia tushanensis | 317 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
紫丁香 Syringa oblata | 17 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
总计 Total | 11 150 | 56.6 | 85.0 | 99.3 | ||
II | 圆果化香 Platycarya longipes | 2 867 | 27.9 | 34. 2 | 52.3 | |
云南鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis | 600 | 5.835 | 15.4 | 23.6 | ||
安顺润楠 Machilus cavaleriei | 1 333 | 13.0 | 6.4 | 9.7 | ||
窄叶石栎 Lithocarpus confinis | 633 | 6.2 | 2.0 | 3.1 | ||
云贵鹅耳枥 Carpinus pubescens | 183 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 3.1 | ||
山樱 Cerasus serrulata | 100 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.9 | ||
翅荚香槐 Cladrastis platycarpa | 117 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.1 | ||
麻栎 Quercus acutissima | 17 | 0. 2 | 0.7 | 1.0 | ||
珊瑚冬青 Ilex coralliana | 117 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.8 | ||
小叶朴 Celtis bungeana | 217 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 0.6 | ||
总计 Total | 6 183 | 60.1 | 63.6 | 97.3 | ||
III | 槲栎 Quercus aliena | 183 | 1.6 | 72.0 | 62.6 | |
圆果化香 Platycarya longipes | 3 000 | 26.5 | 26.4 | 22.9 | ||
云南鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis | 233 | 2.1 | 7.0 | 6.1 | ||
安顺润楠 Machilus cavaleriei | 733 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 3.5 | ||
猴樟 Cinnamomum bodinieri | 133 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.9 | ||
沙梨 Pyrus pyrifolia | 33 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.9 | ||
刺楸 Kalopanax septemlobus | 417 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | ||
薄叶鼠李 Rhamnus leptophylla | 1 167 | 10.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | ||
红叶木姜子 Litsea rubescens | 17 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | ||
异叶鼠李 Rhamnus heterophylla | 883 | 7.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||
总计 Total | 6 800 | 60.0 | 114.0 | 99.0 |
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