植物生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1028-1036.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0068

所属专题: 生态学研究的技术和方法 青藏高原植物生态学:种群生态学

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

实验增温对藏北高寒草甸植物繁殖物候的影响

朱军涛*   

  1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 拉萨高原生态试验站, 北京 100101
  • 出版日期:2016-10-10 发布日期:2016-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 朱军涛
  • 基金资助:
    国家重大科学研究计划(2013CB956302和2010CB950603)、国家自然科学基金(41571195)和中国科学院“西部之光”项目

Effects of experimental warming on plant reproductive phenology in Xizang alpine meadow

Jun-Tao ZHU*   

  1. Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Online:2016-10-10 Published:2016-11-02
  • Contact: Jun-Tao ZHU

摘要:

全球气候变暖对高寒和极地地区的植物物候产生强烈的影响。该研究主要关注增温条件下藏北高寒草甸不同功能型植物繁殖时间(生殖物候)的改变。实验采用开顶箱式增温方法, 对3个主要功能群浅根-早花、浅根-中花和深根-晚花植物的现蕾、开花、结实时间进行观测。研究结果表明: (1)增温导致了土壤水分胁迫, 显著推迟了浅根-早花植物高山嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea)的繁殖时间; (2)增温显著提前了浅根-中花植物钉柱委陵菜(Potentilla saundersiana)和深根晚花植物紫花针茅(Stipa purpurea)和矮羊茅(Festuca coelestis)的繁殖时间; (3)增温没有显著影响浅根-中花植物楔叶委陵菜(Potentilla cuneata)和深根-晚花植物无茎黄鹌菜(Youngia simulatrix)的繁殖时间; (4)增温缩短了3种类型植物的开花持续时间。这些结果显示增温改变了藏北高寒草甸群落中多数物种的繁殖时间, 这预示着在未来更热更干的生长季, 青藏高原高寒草甸系统的植物物候格局可能会被重塑。

关键词: 高寒草甸, 实验增温, 物候偏移, 繁殖物候, 青藏高原

Abstract:

Aims Climate warming strongly influences reproductive phenology of plants in alpine and arctic ecosystems. Here we focus on phenological shifts caused by warming in a typical alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Our objective was to explore phenological responses of alpine plant species to experimental warming. Methods Passive warming was achieved using open-top chambers (OTCs). The treatments included control (C), and four levels of warming (T1, T2, T3, T4). We selected Kobresia pygmaea, Potentilla saundersiana, Potentilla cuneata, Stipa purpurea, Festuca coelestis and Youngia simulatrix as the focal species. Plant phenology was scored every 3-5 days in the growing season. The reproductive phenology phases of each species were estimated through fitting the phenological scores to the Richards function. Important findings Under soil water stress caused by warming, most plants in the alpine meadow advanced or delayed their reproductive events. As a result, warming significantly delayed phenological development of K. pygmaea. Warming significantly advanced reproductive phenology of P. saundersiana, S. purpurea and F. coelestis, but not of P. cuneata and Y. simulatrix. In addition, warming significantly shortened the average flowering duration of alpine plant species. The potentially warmer and drier growing seasons under climate change may shift the reproductive phenology of the alpine systems in similar pattern.

Key words: alpine meadow, experimental warming, phenological shifts, reproductive phenology, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau