不同纬度滨海湿地植物根系与土壤生态化学计量特征及内稳性分析

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0441

植物生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 461-473.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0441 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2024.0441

不同纬度滨海湿地植物根系与土壤生态化学计量特征及内稳性分析

张竟文¹^,², 李晶¹^,², 王汝苗¹^,², 王贺年¹^,², 崔丽娟¹^,²^,^*()

¹ 中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所, 湿地环境保护与生态修复全国重点实验室, 湿地生态功能与恢复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100091
² 中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所, 北京 100091

收稿日期:2024-12-06 接受日期:2025-04-16 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-04-01
通讯作者: *崔丽娟(wetlands108@126.com)
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1301000)

Ecological stoichiometry characteristics and homeostasis analysis of plant roots and soil in coastal wetlands at different latitudes

ZHANG Jing-Wen¹^,², LI Jing¹^,², WANG Ru-Miao¹^,², WANG He-Nian¹^,², CUI Li-Juan¹^,²^,^*()

¹ Institute of Wetland Research, State Key Laboratory of Wetland Conservation and Restoration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
² and Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received:2024-12-06 Accepted:2025-04-16 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2026-04-01
Contact: *CUI Li-Juan (wetlands108@126.com)
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1301000)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

该研究旨在揭示纬度梯度下滨海湿地植物根系与土壤生态化学计量特征的变化规律及根系化学计量内稳性, 通过采集我国7个不同纬度(19.87°-41.03° N)滨海湿地的植物与土壤样品, 测定地上部分、根系及土壤的碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量, 分析其与环境因子的耦合关系。研究表明, 纬度驱动的环境变化显著影响了土壤养分状况, 高纬度滨海湿地土壤养分含量普遍低于低纬度地区, 杭州湾以北地区的土壤有机碳含量(<11.1 g·kg^-1)、总氮含量(<1.1 g·kg^-1)低于全国平均水平。滨海湿地植物根系C、N、P化学计量特征对纬度变化的响应较为敏感, 其变化与土壤养分状况密切相关且因植物种类而异, 互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)根系C含量与土壤C含量呈极显著正相关关系, 芦苇(Phragmites australis)和海三棱藨草(× Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter)根系C含量与土壤C含量呈显著负相关关系, 盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)根系的C、N、P含量及其化学计量比均与土壤C、N、P含量及其化学计量比呈显著正相关关系。6种植物根系的化学计量内稳性也存在差异, 其内稳性强弱依次为海榄雌(Avicennia marina) >芦苇>互花米草>海三棱藨草>蜡烛果(Aegiceras corniculatum) >盐地碱蓬。研究结果有助于揭示纬度梯度下植物-土壤系统的养分动态与植物适应策略, 为滨海湿地生态系统植被恢复奠定理论基础。

关键词: 纬度梯度, 植物根系, 生态化学计量, 内稳性, 滨海湿地

Abstract:

Aims This study aimed to reveal variations in ecological stoichiometric characteristics of plant roots and soils in coastal wetlands along a latitudinal gradient, to examine root stoichiometric homeostasis, and to explore the coupling relationships between root stoichiometry and environmental factors.

Methods Plant and soil samples were collected from seven coastal wetlands across China spanning a latitudinal range from 19.87° to 41.03° N. The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) were measured in aboveground plant parts, roots, and soils. The relationships between plant root stoichiometric characteristics and environmental factors were further analyzed.

Important findings Latitudinally driven environmental changes significantly influenced soil nutrient conditions, with soil nutrients in high-latitude coastal wetlands generally lower than those in low-latitude regions. The contents of soil organic carbon (<11.1 g·kg^-1) and total nitrogen (<1.1 g·kg^-1) north of Hangzhou Bay were lower than the national average. The C, N, and P stoichiometric characteristics of plant roots in coastal wetlands were relatively sensitive to latitudinal variation. These variations were closely related to soil nutrient conditions and varied among plant species. The root C content of Spartina alterniflora was extremely significantly positively correlated with soil nutrient conditions. The root C contents of Phragmites australis and × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter were significantly negatively correlated with soil nutrient conditions, whereas the root C, N, and P contents and their stoichiometric ratios of Suaeda salsa were significantly positively correlated with soil nutrient conditions. The six plant species also exhibited significant differences in root stoichiometric homeostasis, with the strength of homeostasis decreasing in the order of Avicennia marina, Phragmites australis, Spartina alterniflora, × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter, Aegiceras corniculatum, and Suaeda salsa. These results elucidate nutrient dynamics and plant adaptive strategies in plant-soil systems along latitudinal gradients and provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration in coastal wetland ecosystems.

Key words: latitude gradient, plant roots, ecological stoichiometry, homeostasis, coastal wetland

张竟文, 李晶, 王汝苗, 王贺年, 崔丽娟. 不同纬度滨海湿地植物根系与土壤生态化学计量特征及内稳性分析. 植物生态学报, 2026, 50(2): 461-473. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0441

ZHANG Jing-Wen, LI Jing, WANG Ru-Miao, WANG He-Nian, CUI Li-Juan. Ecological stoichiometry characteristics and homeostasis analysis of plant roots and soil in coastal wetlands at different latitudes. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2026, 50(2): 461-473. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0441

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0441

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2026/V50/I2/461

图/表 7

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采样地 Sampling site	纬度 Latitude (° N)	年平均气温 Mean annual air temperature (℃)	年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm)	气候带 Climatic zone	采集植物种类 Collection of plant species	样品数 Number of samples
盘锦辽河口 Liaohe Estuary	41.03	9.5	655	暖温带 Warm temperate	盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	10
盘锦辽河口 Liaohe Estuary	41.03	9.5	655		芦苇 Phragmites australis	10
黄河口 Huang He (Yellow River) Estuary	37.70	13.2	535		盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	14
					芦苇 Phragmites australis
					互花米草 Spartina alterniflora
江苏盐城 Yancheng Estuary	33.57	14.4	1 015	亚热带 Subtropical	盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	19
					芦苇 Phragmites australis
					互花米草 Spartina alterniflora
					海三棱藨草 × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter
杭州湾 Hangzhou Bay	30.30	16.7	1 435		盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	19
					芦苇 Phragmites australis
					互花米草 Spartina alterniflora
					海三棱藨草 × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter
闽江口 Minjiang Estuary	26.02	19.9	1 428		芦苇 Phragmites australis	16
					互花米草 Spartina alterniflora
					海三棱藨草 × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter
漳江口 Zhangjiang Estuary	23.85	21.7	1 831		互花米草 Spartina alterniflora	14
					蜡烛果 Aegiceras corniculatum
					海榄雌 Avicennia marina
东寨港 Dongzhai Harbor	19.87	24.4	1 696		蜡烛果 Aegiceras corniculatum	10
东寨港 Dongzhai Harbor	19.87	24.4	1 696		海榄雌 Avicennia marina	10

采样地 Sampling site	纬度 Latitude (° N)	年平均气温 Mean annual air temperature (℃)	年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm)	气候带 Climatic zone	采集植物种类 Collection of plant species	样品数 Number of samples
盘锦辽河口 Liaohe Estuary	41.03	9.5	655	暖温带 Warm temperate	盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	10
盘锦辽河口 Liaohe Estuary	41.03	9.5	655		芦苇 Phragmites australis	10
黄河口 Huang He (Yellow River) Estuary	37.70	13.2	535		盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	14
					芦苇 Phragmites australis
					互花米草 Spartina alterniflora
江苏盐城 Yancheng Estuary	33.57	14.4	1 015	亚热带 Subtropical	盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	19
					芦苇 Phragmites australis
					互花米草 Spartina alterniflora
					海三棱藨草 × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter
杭州湾 Hangzhou Bay	30.30	16.7	1 435		盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	19
					芦苇 Phragmites australis
					互花米草 Spartina alterniflora
					海三棱藨草 × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter
闽江口 Minjiang Estuary	26.02	19.9	1 428		芦苇 Phragmites australis	16
					互花米草 Spartina alterniflora
					海三棱藨草 × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter
漳江口 Zhangjiang Estuary	23.85	21.7	1 831		互花米草 Spartina alterniflora	14
					蜡烛果 Aegiceras corniculatum
					海榄雌 Avicennia marina
东寨港 Dongzhai Harbor	19.87	24.4	1 696		蜡烛果 Aegiceras corniculatum	10
东寨港 Dongzhai Harbor	19.87	24.4	1 696		海榄雌 Avicennia marina	10

植物种类 Species		变异系数 Variation coefficient (%)
植物种类 Species		地上部分 Aboveground	根系 Root	土壤 Soil
蜡烛果 Aegiceras corniculatum	C	6.42	8.79	18.21
	N	8.48	13.22	79.18
	P	21.35	25.59	34.72
	C:N	6.68	8.01	115.08
	C:P	20.15	42.89	49.85
	N:P	14.30	17.03	73.66
海榄雌 Avicennia marina	C	6.23	8.71	36.50
	N	6.98	9.42	49.82
	P	14.30	16.14	113.68
	C:N	9.69	10.13	45.65
	C:P	20.86	23.43	97.34
	N:P	13.23	21.44	60.05
互花米草 Spartina alterniflora	C	3.17	8.29	61.43
	N	14.45	16.04	58.46
	P	14.15	21.03	44.63
	C:N	15.80	24.43	34.03
	C:P	13.09	30.36	82.03
	N:P	12.97	14.90	51.65
芦苇 Phragmites australis	C	1.74	6.04	97.72
	N	10.68	30.71	87.43
	P	13.44	22.50	38.10
	C:N	10.08	20.35	74.59
	C:P	14.33	22.25	77.76
	N:P	20.16	31.26	72.73
海三棱藨草 × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter	C	4.68	7.97	93.50
	N	11.39	13.82	47.54
	P	7.90	28.19	40.87
	C:N	15.73	21.21	58.88
	C:P	4.62	38.16	75.36
	N:P	13.30	17.60	33.22
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	C	9.88	9.97	42.05
	N	15.15	18.48	55.48
	P	8.09	36.94	30.92
	C:N	15.94	10.69	27.02
	C:P	28.98	46.22	52.42
	N:P	36.83	52.98	59.61

植物种类 Species		变异系数 Variation coefficient (%)
植物种类 Species		地上部分 Aboveground	根系 Root	土壤 Soil
蜡烛果 Aegiceras corniculatum	C	6.42	8.79	18.21
	N	8.48	13.22	79.18
	P	21.35	25.59	34.72
	C:N	6.68	8.01	115.08
	C:P	20.15	42.89	49.85
	N:P	14.30	17.03	73.66
海榄雌 Avicennia marina	C	6.23	8.71	36.50
	N	6.98	9.42	49.82
	P	14.30	16.14	113.68
	C:N	9.69	10.13	45.65
	C:P	20.86	23.43	97.34
	N:P	13.23	21.44	60.05
互花米草 Spartina alterniflora	C	3.17	8.29	61.43
	N	14.45	16.04	58.46
	P	14.15	21.03	44.63
	C:N	15.80	24.43	34.03
	C:P	13.09	30.36	82.03
	N:P	12.97	14.90	51.65
芦苇 Phragmites australis	C	1.74	6.04	97.72
	N	10.68	30.71	87.43
	P	13.44	22.50	38.10
	C:N	10.08	20.35	74.59
	C:P	14.33	22.25	77.76
	N:P	20.16	31.26	72.73
海三棱藨草 × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter	C	4.68	7.97	93.50
	N	11.39	13.82	47.54
	P	7.90	28.19	40.87
	C:N	15.73	21.21	58.88
	C:P	4.62	38.16	75.36
	N:P	13.30	17.60	33.22
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	C	9.88	9.97	42.05
	N	15.15	18.48	55.48
	P	8.09	36.94	30.92
	C:N	15.94	10.69	27.02
	C:P	28.98	46.22	52.42
	N:P	36.83	52.98	59.61

植物种类 Species	变量x Variable x	变量y Variable y	R² (p)	内稳性指数 Homeostasis index (1/H)	内稳性等级 Homeostasis grade
蜡烛果 Aegiceras corniculatum	C_soil	C_root	0.647 1 (0.054)	0.118 4	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	N_soil	N_root	0.767 3 (0.029)	-0.020 1	稳态 Homeostatic
	P_soil	P_root	0.699 2 (0.038)	-0.359 2	弱稳态 Weakly homeostatic
	C:N_soil	C:N_root	0.318 2 (0.244)	-0.037 4	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	C:P_soil	C:P_root	0.882 2 (0.005)	-0.345 1	弱稳态 Weakly homeostatic
	N:P_soil	N:P_root	0.062 5 (0.633)	0.084 1	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
海榄雌 Avicennia marina	C_soil	C_root	0.003 2 (0.943)	-0.026 7	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	N_soil	N_root	0.840 1 (0.083)	-0.058 5	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	P_soil	P_root	0.573 0 (0.243)	0.031 6	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	C:N_soil	C:N_root	0.890 2 (0.056)	0.098 1	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	C:P_soil	C:P_root	0.680 5 (0.175)	0.106 6	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	N:P_soil	N:P_root	0.592 3 (0.230)	0.085 5	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
互花米草 Spartina alterniflora	C_soil	C_root	0.287 6 (0.004)	0.057 7	稳态 Homeostatic
	N_soil	N_root	0.190 9 (0.023)	0.117 2	稳态 Homeostatic
	P_soil	P_root	0.043 4 (0.297)	0.098 5	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	C:N_soil	C:N_root	0.065 5 (0.198)	0.081 6	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	C:P_soil	C:P_root	0.000 1 (0.958)	0.059 0	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	N:P_soil	N:P_root	0.002 2 (0.817)	0.041 1	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
芦苇 Phragmites australis	C_soil	C_root	0.287 7 (0.039)	-0.018 3	稳态 Homeostatic
	N_soil	N_root	0.113 3 (0.220)	-0.009 4	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	P_soil	P_root	0.087 8 (0.283)	-0.072 4	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	C:N_soil	C:N_root	0.049 8 (0.424)	0.051 6	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	C:P_soil	C:P_root	0.056 3 (0.395)	-0.062 6	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	N:P_soil	N:P_root	0.087 7 (0.284)	-0.041 2	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
海三棱藨草 × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter	C_soil	C_root	0.272 9 (0.031)	-0.010 5	稳态 Homeostatic
	N_soil	N_root	0.168 6 (0.102)	0.039 5	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	P_soil	P_root	0.084 0 (0.259)	-0.219 8	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	C:N_soil	C:N_root	0.090 6 (0.240)	-0.021 8	绝对稳态 Strictly homeostatic
	C:P_soil	C:P_root	0.358 0 (0.011)	-0.060 1	稳态 Homeostatic
	N:P_soil	N:P_root	0.454 1 (0.003)	-0.188 2	稳态 Homeostatic
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	C_soil	C_root	0.118 2 (0.012)	0.063 1	稳态 Homeostatic
	N_soil	N_root	0.411 4 (0.000)	0.204 0	稳态 Homeostatic
	P_soil	P_root	0.141 2 (0.031)	0.480 6	弱稳态 Weakly homeostatic
	C:N_soil	C:N_root	0.320 1 (0.001)	0.234 3	稳态 Homeostatic
	C:P_soil	C:P_root	0.285 8 (0.001)	0.469 1	弱稳态 Weakly homeostatic
	N:P_soil	N:P_root	0.535 5 (0.000)	0.609 1	弱敏感态 Weakly plastic

不同纬度滨海湿地植物根系与土壤生态化学计量特征及内稳性分析

Ecological stoichiometry characteristics and homeostasis analysis of plant roots and soil in coastal wetlands at different latitudes

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