藏东南色季拉山林线过渡带7种灌木植物的叶氮回收潜力

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00127

植物生态学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (12): 1325-1332.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00127

所属专题：青藏高原植物生态学：生态系统生态学

藏东南色季拉山林线过渡带7种灌木植物的叶氮回收潜力

张林¹^,^*(), 阎恩荣², 魏海霞¹, 刘新圣³, 沈维¹

¹中国科学院环境变化与地表过程重点实验室, 中国科学院青藏高原研究所, 北京 100101
²华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 上海 200241
³九江学院旅游与国土资源学院, 江西九江 332005

收稿日期:2014-05-12 接受日期:2014-12-01 出版日期:2014-05-12 发布日期:2015-04-16
通讯作者: 张林
作者简介:^* E-mail: zhanglin@itpcas.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050303);中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-08-02);中国科学院青藏高原环境变化与地表过程重点实验室开放课题基金项目(TEL201402)

Leaf nitrogen resorption proficiency of seven shrubs across timberline ecotones in the Sergymla Mountains, Southeast Xizang, China

ZHANG Lin¹^,^*(), YAN En-Rong², WEI Hai-Xia¹, LIU Xin-Sheng³, SHEN Wei¹

¹Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
²College of Resource and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
³College of Tourism and Territorial Resources, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332005, China

Received:2014-05-12 Accepted:2014-12-01 Online:2014-05-12 Published:2015-04-16
Contact: ZHANG Lin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在湿润的青藏高原东南部, 为什么常绿灌木广泛占据高海拔的林线过渡带及以上的高山带, 而落叶灌木只能零星分布?未来气候变暖对该区不同功能群物种的影响是否相同?通过测定西藏东南部色季拉山林线过渡带7种灌木凋落叶的氮含量, 比较了极端高海拔地区灌木不同表达单位的叶氮回收潜力在不同功能群间的差异, 以及不同海拔、不同坡向间的差异, 试图从养分限制的角度为解答上述科学问题提供基础数据。研究结果表明: 1)从基于单位质量叶氮含量(N_mass)的叶氮回收潜力来看, 常绿灌木裂毛雪山杜鹃(薄毛海绵杜鹃) (Rhododendron aganniphum var. schizopeplum)显著高于其他6种落叶灌木, 但由于受比叶重的影响, 基于单位面积叶氮含量(N_area)的叶氮回收潜力则表现为落叶灌木总体较高; 2)落叶灌木山生柳(Salix oritrepha)和拉萨小檗(Berberis hemsleyana)的叶氮回收潜力在不同海拔或不同坡向间均无显著差异, 但裂毛雪山杜鹃基于N_mass的叶氮回收潜力在高海拔地段明显偏高。在极端高海拔的林线过渡带, 通过降低凋落叶中的氮含量(增加叶氮回收潜力)以达到高效的养分利用可能是常绿灌木裂毛雪山杜鹃适应高寒胁迫环境的重要策略。与落叶灌木相比, 常绿灌木裂毛雪山杜鹃叶氮回收潜力对未来气候变暖可能更敏感。

关键词: 海拔, 落叶, 常绿, 比叶重, 叶氮含量

Abstract:

Aims Our objectives were to disclose why evergreen shrubs, but not deciduous shrubs, dominate above timberline in humid southeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, and to test if different functional types converge in response to the warming climate from aspect of nitrogen limitation.

Methods Based on investigations of nitrogen concentration in senesced leaves of seven shrubs across timberline ecotones in the Sergymla Mountains, Southeast Xizang, we analyzed differences in leaf mass- and area-based nitrogen resorption proficiency among different functional types (evergreen vs. deciduous), altitudes and aspects at 4200-4400 m a.s.l.

Important findings Leaf mass-based nitrogen resorption proficiency was higher in the evergreen shrub Rhododendron aganniphum var. schizopeplum than in deciduous shrubs. However, the leaf area-based N resorption proficiency was relatively higher in deciduous shrubs due to their lower leaf mass per unit area. Although no significant difference in the resorption proficiency was found between altitudes or aspects for the deciduous shrubs of Salix oritrepha and Berberis hemsleyana, leaf mass-based N resorption proficiency was higher at higher altitude for the evergreen shrub Rhododendron aganniphum var. schizopeplum. Decreasing N concentration in senesced leaves, i.e., increasing resorption proficiency, which can improve N use efficiency, is an important strategy for the evergreen shrub to cope with the stressful alpine environment across timberline ecotones. Compared with the deciduous shrubs, N resorption proficiency in the evergreen shrub Rhododendron aganniphum var. schizopeplum is assumed to be more sensitive to future climate warming.

Key words: altitude, deciduous, evergreen, leaf mass per area, leaf nitrogen content

张林, 阎恩荣, 魏海霞, 刘新圣, 沈维. 藏东南色季拉山林线过渡带7种灌木植物的叶氮回收潜力. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(12): 1325-1332. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00127

ZHANG Lin, YAN En-Rong, WEI Hai-Xia, LIU Xin-Sheng, SHEN Wei. Leaf nitrogen resorption proficiency of seven shrubs across timberline ecotones in the Sergymla Mountains, Southeast Xizang, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(12): 1325-1332. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00127

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00127

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2014/V38/I12/1325

图/表 6

表1 色季拉山林线过渡带7种灌木的分布特征

Table 1 Distributional characteristics of seven shrubs across timberline ecotones in the Sergymla Mountains

物种 Species	常绿或落叶 Evergreen or deciduous	坡向 Aspect	生境 Habitat	海拔 Altitude (m)
山生柳 Salix oritrepha	落叶 Deciduous	北坡、南坡及山谷均有分布 North-facing slope, south-facing slope and in valleys	林缘 Forest edge	4 150-4 450
西南花楸 Sorbus rehderiana	落叶 Deciduous	北坡及山谷 North-facing slope and in valleys	林缘、林窗 Forest edge, forest gap	4 200-4 400
拉萨小檗 Berberis hemsleyana	落叶 Deciduous	南坡及山谷 South-facing slope and in valleys	林缘 Forest edge	4 150-4 450
腺果大叶蔷薇 Rosa macrophylla var. glandulifera	落叶 Deciduous	南坡及山谷 South-facing slope and in valleys	林缘 Forest edge	4 150-4 400
冰川茶藨子 Ribes glaciale	落叶 Deciduous	主要分布在北坡 Mainly on north-facing slope	林缘、林窗 Forest edge, forest gap	4 200-4 350
高山绣线菊 Spiraea alpina	落叶 Deciduous	北坡 North-facing slope	林缘 Forest edge	4 300-4 400
裂毛雪山杜鹃 Rhododendron aganniphum var. schizopeplum	常绿 Evergreen	南北坡 North-facing slope, south-facing slope	广泛分布 Widely distributed	4 200-4 700

图1 0-20 cm土层氨态氮(NH4-N)和硝态氮(NO3-N)浓度随海拔的变化(平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示不同海拔间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Altitudinal variations of NH4-N and NO3-N concentrations in the 0-20 cm soil layer (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different altitudes (p < 0.05).

图2 林线过渡带7种灌木凋落叶单位质量叶氮含量(Nmass) (A)、单位面积叶氮含量(Narea) (B)和比叶重(LMA) (C)的比较(平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示不同物种间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Comparisons of leaf mass-based nitrogen concentrations (Nmass) (A), leaf area-based nitrogen concentrations (Narea) (B), and leaf mass per area (LMA) (C) in senesced leaves among seven shrubs across timberline ecotones (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different species (p < 0.05).

图3 不同坡向和海拔山生柳单位质量叶氮含量(Nmass) (A)和单位面积叶氮含量(Narea) (B)的比较(平均值±标准误差)。相同小写字母表示不同坡向和不同海拔间差异不显著(p > 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Comparisons of leaf mass-based nitrogen concentrations (Nmass) (A) and leaf area-based nitrogen concentrations (Narea) (B) in Salix oritrepha between different aspects and altitudes (mean ± SE). The same lowercase letters indicate no significant differences among different aspects and altitudes (p > 0.05).

图4 不同海拔阳坡拉萨小檗单位质量叶氮含量(Nmass) (A)和单位面积叶氮含量(Narea) (B)的比较(平均值±标准误差)。相同小写字母表示不同海拔间差异不显著(p > 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Comparisons of leaf mass-based nitrogen concentrations (Nmass) (A) and leaf area-based nitrogen concentrations (Narea) (B) in Berberis hemsleyana between different altitudes in south-facing slope (mean ± SE). The same lowercase letters indicate no significant differences between two altitudes (p > 0.05).

图5 不同海拔阴坡裂毛雪山杜鹃单位质量叶氮含量(Nmass) (A)和单位面积叶氮含量(Narea) (B)的比较(平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示不同海拔间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 5 Comparisons of leaf mass-based nitrogen concentrations (Nmass) (A) and leaf area-based nitrogen concentrations (Narea) (B) in Rhododendron aganniphum var. schizopeplum between different altitudes in north-facing slope (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between two altitudes (p < 0.05).

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藏东南色季拉山林线过渡带7种灌木植物的叶氮回收潜力

Leaf nitrogen resorption proficiency of seven shrubs across timberline ecotones in the Sergymla Mountains, Southeast Xizang, China

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