Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 515-528.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00048
• Method and Technology • Previous Articles
SAYRAN• Waley1,2,4,LI Bing-Bai2,ZHANG Jia-Hua3,*(),YANG Shen-Bin1
Received:
2013-07-18
Accepted:
2014-01-20
Online:
2014-07-18
Published:
2014-05-13
Contact:
ZHANG Jia-Hua
SAYRAN• Waley,LI Bing-Bai,ZHANG Jia-Hua,YANG Shen-Bin. Application of a rice simulation model in high temperature sensitivity study[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(5): 515-528.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00048
试验点 Study location | 地点 Location | 经纬度 Longitude and latitude | 栽培方式 Cultivation method | 水稻品种 Rice variety | 水稻类型 Rice type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SD1 | 邗江沙头 Shatou, Hanjiang | 119.56° E, 32.28° N | 机械栽插 Mechanical transplanting | ‘扬粳4227’ ‘Yangjing 4227’ | 早熟粳稻 Early-maturing Japonica rice |
SD2 | 江都七里 Qili, Jiangdu | 119.69° E, 32.51° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘镇稻88’ ‘Zhendao 88’ | 中熟晚粳 Medium-maturing Japonica rice |
SD3 | 江都樊川 Fanchuan, Jiangdu | 119.68° E, 32.68° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
SD4 | 兴化临城 Lincheng, Xinghua | 119.80° E, 32.84° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
SD5 | 兴化昌荣 Changrong, Xinghua | 120.10° E, 32.94° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
SD6 | 宝应子婴 Ziying, Baoying | 119.54° E, 33.04° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
SD7 | 金湖涂沟 Tugou, Jinhu | 119.23° E, 33.06° N | 人工栽植 Artificial transplanting | ‘C两优608’ ‘C Liangyou 608’ | 杂交稻 Late-maturing Indica rice |
SD8 | 金湖戴楼 Dailou, Jinhu | 118.88° E, 33.02° N | 人工栽植 Artificial transplanting | ‘Y两优1’ ‘Y Liangyou 1’ | 杂交稻 Late-maturing Indica rice |
SD9 | 洪泽马坝 Maba, Hongze | 118.89° E, 33.25° N | 机械栽插 Mechanical transplanting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
Table 1 Varieties, types and cultivation methods of rice
试验点 Study location | 地点 Location | 经纬度 Longitude and latitude | 栽培方式 Cultivation method | 水稻品种 Rice variety | 水稻类型 Rice type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SD1 | 邗江沙头 Shatou, Hanjiang | 119.56° E, 32.28° N | 机械栽插 Mechanical transplanting | ‘扬粳4227’ ‘Yangjing 4227’ | 早熟粳稻 Early-maturing Japonica rice |
SD2 | 江都七里 Qili, Jiangdu | 119.69° E, 32.51° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘镇稻88’ ‘Zhendao 88’ | 中熟晚粳 Medium-maturing Japonica rice |
SD3 | 江都樊川 Fanchuan, Jiangdu | 119.68° E, 32.68° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
SD4 | 兴化临城 Lincheng, Xinghua | 119.80° E, 32.84° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
SD5 | 兴化昌荣 Changrong, Xinghua | 120.10° E, 32.94° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
SD6 | 宝应子婴 Ziying, Baoying | 119.54° E, 33.04° N | 直接播种 Direct broadcasting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
SD7 | 金湖涂沟 Tugou, Jinhu | 119.23° E, 33.06° N | 人工栽植 Artificial transplanting | ‘C两优608’ ‘C Liangyou 608’ | 杂交稻 Late-maturing Indica rice |
SD8 | 金湖戴楼 Dailou, Jinhu | 118.88° E, 33.02° N | 人工栽植 Artificial transplanting | ‘Y两优1’ ‘Y Liangyou 1’ | 杂交稻 Late-maturing Indica rice |
SD9 | 洪泽马坝 Maba, Hongze | 118.89° E, 33.25° N | 机械栽插 Mechanical transplanting | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 晚熟粳稻 Late-maturing Japonica rice |
试验点 Study location | 播种期 Sowing date | 出苗日期 Emergence date | 移栽期 Transplanting date | 孕穗期 Booting date | 抽穗期 Heading date | 开花期 Flowering date | 成熟期 Physiological maturity date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SD1 SD2 SD3 SD4 SD5 SD6 SD7 SD8 SD9 | 5/26 6/09 6/12 6/12 6/11 6/13 5/10 5/05 5/20 | 5/30 6/14 6/19 6/19 6/18 6/20 5/15 5/10 5/26 | 6/22 — — — — — 6/13 6/13 6/20 | 8/24 8/23 8/28 8/25 8/25 8/25 8/13 8/17 8/22 | 9/01 8/30 9/05 9/02 9/02 9/02 8/20 8/24 8/30 | 9/03 9/01 9/07 9/04 9/04 9/04 8/22 8/26 9/01 | 10/21 10/17 10/20 10/20 10/20 10/21 10/10 10/12 10/21 |
Table 2 Determination of rice phenological stages (month/day)
试验点 Study location | 播种期 Sowing date | 出苗日期 Emergence date | 移栽期 Transplanting date | 孕穗期 Booting date | 抽穗期 Heading date | 开花期 Flowering date | 成熟期 Physiological maturity date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SD1 SD2 SD3 SD4 SD5 SD6 SD7 SD8 SD9 | 5/26 6/09 6/12 6/12 6/11 6/13 5/10 5/05 5/20 | 5/30 6/14 6/19 6/19 6/18 6/20 5/15 5/10 5/26 | 6/22 — — — — — 6/13 6/13 6/20 | 8/24 8/23 8/28 8/25 8/25 8/25 8/13 8/17 8/22 | 9/01 8/30 9/05 9/02 9/02 9/02 8/20 8/24 8/30 | 9/03 9/01 9/07 9/04 9/04 9/04 8/22 8/26 9/01 | 10/21 10/17 10/20 10/20 10/20 10/21 10/10 10/12 10/21 |
试验点 Study location | 水稻品种 Rice variety | 发育速率参数 Development parameter | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
基本营养阶段 Juvenile phase (°C·d-1) | 光敏感阶段 Photoperiod-sensitive phase (°C·d-1) | 穗形成阶段 Panicle development phase (°C·d-1) | 籽粒灌浆阶段 Reproductive phase (°C·d-1) | ||
模型默认值 Default value of model | 0.000 773 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 784 | 0.001 784 | |
SD1 | ‘扬粳4227’ ‘Yangjing 4227’ | 0.000 449 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 795 | 0.001 621 |
SD2 | ‘镇稻88’ ‘Zhendao 88’ | 0.000 583 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 795 | 0.001 622 |
SD4 | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 0.000 664 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 785 | 0.001 635 |
SD6 | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 0.000 577 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 785 | 0.001 665 |
SD7 | ‘C两优608’ ‘C Liangyou 608’ | 0.000 506 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 795 | 0.001 570 |
Table 3 Phenological development parameters derived from calibration with the rest used in modeling the phenological development of rice grown in the experimental field
试验点 Study location | 水稻品种 Rice variety | 发育速率参数 Development parameter | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
基本营养阶段 Juvenile phase (°C·d-1) | 光敏感阶段 Photoperiod-sensitive phase (°C·d-1) | 穗形成阶段 Panicle development phase (°C·d-1) | 籽粒灌浆阶段 Reproductive phase (°C·d-1) | ||
模型默认值 Default value of model | 0.000 773 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 784 | 0.001 784 | |
SD1 | ‘扬粳4227’ ‘Yangjing 4227’ | 0.000 449 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 795 | 0.001 621 |
SD2 | ‘镇稻88’ ‘Zhendao 88’ | 0.000 583 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 795 | 0.001 622 |
SD4 | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 0.000 664 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 785 | 0.001 635 |
SD6 | ‘淮稻5号’ ‘Huaidao 5’ | 0.000 577 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 785 | 0.001 665 |
SD7 | ‘C两优608’ ‘C Liangyou 608’ | 0.000 506 | 0.000 758 | 0.000 795 | 0.001 570 |
Fig. 1 Simulations with calibrated model and observed biomass for different rice varieties at different study locations. A, Shatou, Hanjiang. B, Qili, Jiangdu. C, Lincheng, Xinghua. D, Tugou, Jinhu.
Fig. 2 Simulations with calibrated model and observed leaf area index for different rice varieties at different study locations. A, Shatou, Hanjiang. B, Qili, Jiangdu. C, Lincheng, Xinghua. D, Tugou, Jinhu.
Fig. 3 Simulations with calibrated model and observed biomass for different rice varieties at different study locations. A, Fanchuan, Jiangdu. B, Changrong, Xinghua. C, Dailou, Jinhu. D, Maba, Hongze.
Fig. 4 Simulations with calibrated model and observed leaf area index for different rice varieties at different study locations. A, Fanchuan, Jiangdu. B, Changrong, Xinghua. C, Dailou, Jinhu. D, Maba, Hongze.
地上部分总生物量 Total aboveground biomass | 绿叶生物量 Green leaf biomass | 茎生物量 Stem biomass | 穗生物量 Panicle biomass | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t | R | AE | NR | t | R | AE | NR | t | R | AE | NR | t | R | AE | NR | ||||
SD3 | 2.55 | 0.977 | 14 | 23 | -0.10 | 0.975 | 16 | 18 | -1.51 | 0.979 | 18 | 22 | 1.57 | 0.972 | 17 | 45 | |||
SD5 | 1.91 | 0.966 | 17 | 13 | -0.01 | 0.976 | 11 | 13 | -0.03 | 0.971 | 17 | 12 | 1.58 | 0.971 | 15 | 46 | |||
SD8 | 0.44 | 0.951 | 15 | 19 | -3.53 | 0.965 | 14 | 18 | -1.15 | 0.965 | 13 | 19 | 0.53 | 0.922 | 34 | 20 | |||
SD9 | -1.00 | 0.972 | 28 | 14 | -0.19 | 0.985 | 15 | 10 | 2.37 | 0.974 | 28 | 13 | -1.28 | 0.967 | 15 | 25 |
Table 4 Tests of simulated biomass for different organs
地上部分总生物量 Total aboveground biomass | 绿叶生物量 Green leaf biomass | 茎生物量 Stem biomass | 穗生物量 Panicle biomass | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t | R | AE | NR | t | R | AE | NR | t | R | AE | NR | t | R | AE | NR | ||||
SD3 | 2.55 | 0.977 | 14 | 23 | -0.10 | 0.975 | 16 | 18 | -1.51 | 0.979 | 18 | 22 | 1.57 | 0.972 | 17 | 45 | |||
SD5 | 1.91 | 0.966 | 17 | 13 | -0.01 | 0.976 | 11 | 13 | -0.03 | 0.971 | 17 | 12 | 1.58 | 0.971 | 15 | 46 | |||
SD8 | 0.44 | 0.951 | 15 | 19 | -3.53 | 0.965 | 14 | 18 | -1.15 | 0.965 | 13 | 19 | 0.53 | 0.922 | 34 | 20 | |||
SD9 | -1.00 | 0.972 | 28 | 14 | -0.19 | 0.985 | 15 | 10 | 2.37 | 0.974 | 28 | 13 | -1.28 | 0.967 | 15 | 25 |
叶面积指数 Leaf area index | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
t | R | AE | NR | |
SD3 | 1.66 | 0.976 | 26 | 19 |
SD5 | -0.30 | 0.962 | 17 | 12 |
SD8 | 0.90 | 0.956 | 20 | 33 |
SD9 | -1.16 | 0.960 | 14 | 20 |
Table 5 Tests of simulated leaf area index
叶面积指数 Leaf area index | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
t | R | AE | NR | |
SD3 | 1.66 | 0.976 | 26 | 19 |
SD5 | -0.30 | 0.962 | 17 | 12 |
SD8 | 0.90 | 0.956 | 20 | 33 |
SD9 | -1.16 | 0.960 | 14 | 20 |
Fig. 7 Simulations of the influence of high temperature on rice biomass and yield (mean ± SE). A, ‘Zhendao 88’. B, ‘Huaidao 5’. CK, control; 1-9 is 35 °C for 3 days, 35 °C for 5 days, 35 °C for 7 days, 38 °C for 3 days, 38 °C for 5 days, 38 °C for 7 days, 41 °C for 3 days, 41 °C for 5 days, 41 °C for 7 days.
Fig. 8 Controlled laboratory measurements of the influence of high temperature on rice biomass and yield (mean ± SE). A, ‘Zhendao 88’. B, ‘Huaidao 5’. CK, control; 1-6 is 35 °C for 3 days, 35 °C for 5 days, 38 °C for 3 days, 38 °C for 5 days, 41 °C for 3 days, 41 °C for 5 days.
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